39 



All the wings with whitish fringe crescents. 



Wings beneath : primaries with very fine rich fuscus 

 brown and ochreous sordid white. Secondaries : the 

 brown narrower in colour than above, the white strongly 

 saturated with ochre, graduated to an ochreous orange 

 below the black spots. All the light markings the same 

 as on the upper surface, except the large black spot 

 between the submedian nervure and 3rd median nervule, 

 which is strongly dentated below. The yellow _ below the 

 black spots in each case forms a distinct accuminate area. 

 The veins of all the wings above and below are strongly 

 accentuated in black. A few lemon-coloured atoms are 

 scattered in the brown on each side of the subcostal 

 nervure of the lower wing. 



Head : eyes dark pearly brown, with ochreous border ; 

 antennae, smoky dark brown. Thorax : a rich fuscus 

 brown, with pale green longitudinal central stripe, faintly 

 visible ; beneath, posterior half, laterally crimson scarlet, 

 anterior half fuscus black. 



Abdomen : sulphur grey ; laterally with lemon atoms — 

 the last two segments yellow; an ochreous anal tuft ; 

 last segment with a dorsal patch of ferruginous hairs ; 

 dorsal portion of abdomen, fuscus brown ; a longitudinal 

 brown dorsal mark on the anal segment ; subdorsal rich 

 orange yellow, with lateral black dots, and deep black 

 segmental lines. 



Legs black. 



Length of costa, 98 mms. ; width of primary, 53 mms. ; 

 length of secondary, 63, and width, 52 mms. ; length of 

 abdomen and antennas respectively 35 mms. ; of thorax, 

 including the head, 24 mms. The legs of the type were 

 too imperfect to be measured. 



Hab. Halmaheira, Gilolo. Discovered by M. Lorquin. 



$ In the Museum of Messrs. Godman and Salvin : — 

 On the costa of the primaries is a thin faint line of orange 

 atoms over the black ; the black of these wings has less 

 fuscus than in the type; a slight yellow streak appears on 

 the subcostal orange band not far from the apex, this is 

 seen on both surfaces of the wing ; the band also is wider 

 and more elegantly formed than in the type, occupying 

 nearly the whole of the cell, slightly more obtuse towards 

 the apex, nearer to the costal margin, and extending over 

 rather more of the disc from the costa to the space 

 enclosed by the first and second discoidal nervules ; in 

 addition, a cuneiform spot of the orange is found in the 

 next space close to the third discocellular nervure. The 

 pupaeform sexual brand or patch is rather narrower and 

 more delicately outlined. The secondaries with the brassy 

 or golden yellow within and without the cell with a slightly 

 greenish tinge; the four discal spots are smaller and 

 more wedged shape than in the type, and there is an 

 absence of the two brassy yellow marginal spots between 

 the costal nervure and second subcostal nervules ; the 

 black of the posterior margin is also narrower; on the 

 abdomen the black mark on the anal segment is larger 

 than that of the type ; but the neuration of the upper 

 wing does not occupy relatively the same place, each vein 

 being slightly nearer the direction of the costa. [See 

 Fig. I, in plate following the colored plate of this species.] 



Underside, the area of the green in the cell is less ; the 

 markings of the disc are generally of a different form ; a 



peculiar wedge-shaped yellow mark within the green 

 atoms is found on the space between the third and fourth 

 subcostal nervules ; the claviform line on the submedian 

 fold is nearly obsolete ; the outline of the brassy yellow 

 between the costal nervure and first subcostal branch, is 

 on the hind wing visible from the upper surface, and 

 thereby produces a contrast in the density of the yellow 

 patch; the green of the cell comes close to the veins, and 

 the discal black spots are smaller ; the black margin is 

 very narrow. [See Fig. 2, in plate named above.] 



2 . In the same collection, the sordid white of the 

 discoidal cell extends to the base, is separated from the 

 median nervure and discocellular nervules by black, which 

 unites above with an elongate irregular patch of the same 

 colour, following the course of the first and second pseu- 

 doneura. The space occupied by two white marks between 

 the third and fourth subcostal nervules in the type, is here 

 filled in entirely with white ; the lower division of the 

 white area between the third median branch and the 

 submedian nervure extends nearer to the base ; and a 

 clouding of white atoms is found in the interior margin. 

 The black border of the secondaries is regular in its 

 sinuation, and quite symmetrical on the two wings ; the 

 colour of the hind wings is graduated to a deep fuscus 

 over the lighter parts, and little or no yellow is seen 

 except in the spaces immediately near the costa. The 

 sordid grey of the upper wings is beautifully dark, regular, 

 and dusted with atoms. Other differences will be seen 

 by reference to Fig. 3, in same plate. Length of costa 

 of 2 105 mms.; with the primary wing 51 mms.; length 

 of secondaries 64, and width 43 mms.; length of abdomen 

 and antennae 35, and the thorax with the head 25 mms. 



1st pair, femur 13, tibia 11, tarsi 17 mms. 

 Legs- 2nd ,, ,, 13, ,1 14. >> l 9 ij 

 (3rd » » H> » l6 > 11 *9 ., 



Hab. Gilolo. 



The 2 of this species is very remarkable. On the 

 upper wings, although the whole common plan of the 

 markings appears to be the same as that of other females 

 of the genus, these are so extended and modified in shape 

 as to suggest a danaoid pattern. The hind wings are also 

 by the simplest means, i.e. occupying nearly the whole cf 

 the discoidal and discal space with lighter colour— only 

 retaining and increasing the number of black spots, made 

 to look quite acreoid. The insect, therefore, bears 

 unmistakable evidence of its being intended as a mimic 

 of some danaoid or acreoid species, probably as a means 

 of protection. 



This, therefore, suggests to us the possibility of the 

 species being dimorphic in the 2 sex, as is the case with 

 so many of the Papilionidae. The normal type 2 may 

 already be in our collections without our knowing it or 

 may yet be discovered. It is not unreasonable to infer 

 that in Batchian an acreoid 2 form of crcesus may exist, 

 and ultimately be found. But the present non-existence 

 of such forms in either locality might only mean that they 

 did once exist, but have since disappeared in the struggle 

 for existence. That there is a tendency towards the 

 mimicry of the danaidae by the 2 2 of the Ornithoptera 

 especially when we reach the subgenus ALtheoptera, we 

 shall be able possibly to demonstrate later on. 



M. Wallace's 2 from Gilolo which he describes in the 

 Linn.Trans.Soc.vol. xxv.,p-37 (see the article on P. crcesus) 



