278 



PALEOZOIC TIME. 



2. Animals. 



The Portage beds, though abounding less in fossils than the Che- 

 mung, contain various species of Crinoids, Brachiopods, Lamellibranchs, 

 (Avicidopectens, Aviculce, and others), Bellerophons, and Goniatites. 

 A large Crinoid — the Poteriocrinus (?) omatissimus M. — occurs in 

 great numbers, broken to fragments, through a small area in the town 

 of Portland, N. Y., on Lake Erie shore. 



The Chemung group in New York affords great numbers of Avic- 

 idce ; many Brachiopods, including broad-winged Spirifers, and some 

 Producti ; among Cephalopods, a huge Goniatite (four or five inches 

 in diameter) ; and rarely a Trilobite. 



Characteristic Species. 



1. Plants. — Fig. 551, Cyclopteris (or Pakeopteris) Halliana Gopp., Upper Chemung 

 beds; 552, Lepidodendron Chemungense Hall, from near Elmira, N". Y. ; 553, Sigillaria 

 Vanuxemi Gopp., from near Owego, N. Y. ; S. simplicitas Vanuxem, from near North 

 Bainbridge, N. Y. A Coniferous fossil wood, from Schoharie County, N. Y., has been 

 named Ormoxylon Erianum by Dawson. At Perry, Me., occur Lepidodendron Gaspi- 

 anum Dn., Leptophleum rhombicum Dn., Cyclopteris Jacksoni Dn., C. Halliana Gopp., 

 C. Rogersi Dn., C. BrownWDn., Caulopteris Lockwoodi Dn., Anarthrocanna Perryana 

 Dn., Stigmaria pusilla Dn., and others, there being very few of the St. John species. 

 Some species are the same that occur in the Subcarboniferous beds, particularly the 

 marsh species. 



Figs. 555-557. 



Fig 555, Aviculopecten duplicatus ; 556, Pt«ronites(?) Chemungensis ; 557, Orthoceras acicula. 



2. Animals. — Fig. 554, Atrypa hystrixB.. ; Fig. 555, Avicuhpecten duplicatus H. ; Fig.. 

 556, Pteronites (?) Chemungensis H. ; Fig. 557, Orthoceras acicula H. 



Teeth of fishes of the genus Onychodus, and others, have been found in the beds at 

 Franklin, Delaware County, N. Y. 



III. General Observations. 



Geography. — The character of the beds — the shales and shaly sand- 

 stones — which spread over western and southern New York and south- 

 west along the Appalachian region, becoming more shaly toward the 

 western limit of the State, and more sandy in the opposite direction^ 

 tells nearly the same story with regard to the geography of this portion 

 of the continent as the beds of the Hamilton period. The rocks were- 



