324 



PALEOZOIC TIME. 



South America, and in Australia and Norfolk Island, in the South 

 Pacific, and which are therefore confined at the present time to the 

 Southern hemisphere. 



1. Lycopods. — The Lepidodendrids — tall trees, with the exterior 

 embossed with scars in alternate or quincunx order — were of many 

 kinds. In foliage, they resembled the Pines and Spruces of the present 

 day, as illustrated in Fig. 618, representing the extremity of a branch, 



Figs. 619-621. 



619 620 621 



Fig. 619, Lepidodendron aculeatum, Sternb. ; 620, Lepidodendron clypeatum ; 621, Halonia pul- 



chella. 



restored. Leaves have been found, of the slender kind here exhibited, 

 over a foot long ; and, as the scars are the bases of the leaves, their 

 forms and crowded position on the branch are no exaggeration. Others 



Figs. 622-624. 

 623 



Fig. 622, Sigillaria oculata ; 623, S. obovata ; 624, Stigniaria ficoides. 



had shorter leaves, and a more Spruce-like habit. The character and 

 size of the scars in some of the species are shown in Figs. 619 to 

 621. 



