498 



CENOZOIC TIME. 



Bornstiidt Eocene; and Black Butte, Myrica Torreyi, closely like one of Mount Fromina, 

 Flabellaria latania Hooker, and F. Eocenica A. Brngt. The same beds that afforded 

 the Dinosaurian remains, described by Cope, contain the plants Sabal Cumpbelli Newb. 

 and Platanus Raynoldsii Newb., which are found at three or four other localities of the 

 same coal series, along with Ficus corylifolius Lsqx., Laurus obovata Weber, and 

 Viburnum dichotomum Lsqx.. not yet observed elsewhere (Lesquereux). The Missis- 

 sippi beds contain the following Rocky Mountain species, Flabellaria Zinkeni Heer, 

 Populus Arctica Heer (an Arctic species), Quercus chlorqphylla Ung., Laurus pedata 

 Lsqx., Cinnamomum affine Lsqx., C. Mississipjjiense Lsqx., Magnolia Hilgardiana 

 Lsqx., M. Lesleyana Lsqx., and Juglans appressa Lsqx. (Lesquereux). The Rocky 

 Mountain region has afforded the following Arctic species, Sequoia LangsdorJUHr., 

 Phragmites (Eningensis A. Brngt. (Miocene, in Europe), Populus decipiens Lsqx., P. 

 lancifolia Heer (Miocene, in Europe), P. Zaddachi Heer, Salix Grmnlandica Heer, 

 Alnus Kefersteinii Gopp. (Miocene, in Europe), Quercus Lyellii Heer (Miocene, in 

 Europe), Q.platania Heer, Q. dry meja Ung. (Miocene, in Europe), Q. Wyomingiana 

 Lsqx., Q. Olafseni Heer, Q. Laharpi Gopp., Corylus McQuarryi Heer, Fagus Deu- 

 calionis Ung. (Miocene, in Europe), Ficus tiliaifolia A. Brngt. (Miocene, in Europe), 

 Platanus Gulielmm Gopp. (Miocene, in Europe), Platanus aceroides Gopp. (Miocene, in 

 Europe). Cinnamomum Scheuchzeri Heer (Miocene, in Europe), Andromeda reticulata 

 Heer, A. vaccinifolia Ung., Viburnum Whymperi Heer, Vitis Olr'iki Heer, V. Islandica 

 Heer, Magnolia. Inglefieldi Heer, McCUntocliia Lyellii Heer, Paliurus Colombi Heer, 

 Zizyphus hyperboretis Heer, Rhus bella Heer, Juglans acuminata (?) Heer (Miocene, in 

 Europe). Lesquereux, from whom this catalogue is taken, thus shows a close relation 

 between the floras of the Arctic and of more temperate latitudes, as well as a relation 

 to the European Miocene flora. The latter fact seems to imply that the migration was 

 from America to Europe, as the European species existed in Europe only after their first 

 appearance in America. Lesquereux refers three of the above species exclusively to what 

 he regards as a later division of the Eocene than the others : all the others are found in 

 his Lower division. To the later, he refers the Rocky Mountain localities at Washakie 

 Station, Carbon Station, Evanston, Sage Creek, etc., in Utah: and to the older, the 

 localities of the Raton Mountains, Golden, Denver, etc., in Colorado; Black Butte, Wy- 

 oming; Fort Ellis and Elk Creek, Montana; Fort Union, in New Mexico; and in 

 Mississippi. 



Fig. 883. Quercus myrt ifolia Willd. (?), from Somerville, Tennessee, the Lagrange 

 group of Safford; Fig. 884, Cinnamomum Mississippiense 

 Lsqx., from Mississippi, northern Lignitic group, at Win- 

 ston; Fig. 885, Calamopsis Danm Lsqx. ,from Mississippi, 

 northern Lignitic group, in Tippah, Lafayette, Calhoun: 

 Fig. 886, nut of Fagus fen-uginea Michx. (?) from the 

 Lagrange group of Tennessee; Fig. 887, Carpolithes ir- 

 regularis Lsqx., from the Brandon Lignite bed; Fig. 888, 

 Caipolithes Brandonensis Lsqx., the most abundant of the 

 Brandon nuts, natural size. The kind of plant producing 

 these two fruits is undetermined. Among the other Bran- 

 don fruits, Lesquereux has recognized the genera Carya, 

 Fagus, Aristolocliia, Sapindus, Cinnamomum, lllicium, 

 Car/rinus, and Nyssa. (Amer. Jour. Sci., II. xxxii. 355.) 

 The plants of the Lignite bed of Lauderdale (which is 

 distinctly overlaid by the Claiborne Eocene) " show the 

 greatest affinity with species of our time, and are appar- 

 ently of as recent an epoch as the fruits of Brandon." 

 (Lesquereux.) 



In the beds of the Middle or Upper Eocene, in the 

 Green River or Fort Bridger basin, overlying unconformable the Lignitic Series (re- 

 ferred by Lesquereux to the Miocene, but by Marsh and Cope to the Eocene), there 

 have been found, according to Lesquereux, species of Sabal (palm), Tnxodium, Salix, 

 Myrica, Quercus, Ficus, Platanus, Laurus, Eucalyptus, Ilex, Ceanothus, Juglans, Carya, 



Fig. 888. 



Carpolithes Brandonensis. 



