TERTIARY AGE. 509 



dotus ; remains of Turtles, of the genera Trionyx, Emys, Compsemys; species of Croco- 

 dihis, etc. 



Besides these, near Black Butte Station, bones referred to a Dinosaur by Cope ; and, 

 southeast of the Uintah Mountains, remains of a Saurian related to the Megalosaurs, dis- 

 covered by Marsh ; both Cretaceous forms. 



4. Mammals. — None yet found. 



2. Alabama Period. 



1. Protozoans. — Rhizopods, Fig. 898, Orbitoides Mantelli Lyell, Vicksburg group. 



2. Radiates. — (a.) In the Jackson Group: Corals, Flabellum Warlesii Con., 

 Endopachys Maclurii Lea. ; Echinoderms, species of Scutella, Clypeaster. (b.) In the 

 Vicksburg Group : Corals, Oculina Mississippiensis Con., 0. Vicksburgensis Con., Tur- 

 binolii caulifera Con.; Echinoderms, Fig. 895, Clypeaster (Mortonia) Bogersi Con. 



3. Mollusks. — (a.) In the Claiborne Group: Fig. 889, Ostrea selkeformis- 

 Con.; 0. divaricata Lea; 0. vomer; 0. panda Mort. ; Pecten Lyelli Lea; Fig. 890, 

 Crassatella alta Con. ; Fig. 891, Astarte Conradi D. ; Fig. 892. Cardita planicosta Sow., 

 from Canada de las Uvas in California, as well as east of the Mississippi and in Europe 

 ( C. densata Con.); C. Blandingii ; C. rotunda Con.; Cardium Nicolleti ; Fig. 893, Tur- 

 ritella carinata Lea; Calyptrophorus (Rostellaria) velatus Con., Pseudoliva vetusta Con.;. 

 Orbis rotella Lea; Natica jEtites Con. (Californian, as well as east of the Mississippi); 

 Anolax gigantea Lea, Olivella Alabamensis Con., Marginella larvata Con., Volutilithes- 

 (Voluta) petrosa Con., Corbida gibbosa Lea; Nautilites Vanuxemi Con. (b.) In the 

 Jackson Group (species common to the Jackson and Vicksburg epochs are marked with 

 a dagger [t]): Venericardia planicosta Con.; V. rotunda\ Lea; Cardium Nicolleti 

 Con. ; Corbula bicarinata Con. ; Leda multilineata Con. ; Callista sobrinaf Con. ; C. 

 imitabilis Con. ; Mactra funerata\ Con. ; Psammobia linteaf Con. ; Navicula limaf 

 Con.; Calyptrophorus velatus Con.; Cyprata fenestralis Con.; C. linteaj Con.; C. 

 spheroides^ Con. ; Conns tortilis Con. ; Gastridium vetustum Con. ; Mitra Millingtont 

 Con.; M. dumosa Con.; Valuta dumosa Con., Natica Vicksburgensis^ Con.; Turbinella. 

 Wilsonif Con.; Dentalium M ississippiensef Con. (c.) In the Vicksburg Group: Fig. 

 894, Pecten Poulsoni Con. ; Fig. 896, Ostrea Georgiana Con., one fourth linear di- 

 mensions ; 0. Vicksburg ends Con. ; Fig. 897, Anomalocardia Mississippiensis Con. ; 

 Barbatia Mississippiensis Con. ; B. Lima Con. ; Cardium diversum Con. ; Crassatella 

 Mississippiensis Con.; Panopasa oblongata Con.; Fig. 899, Cithara Mississippiensis Con.; 

 Fig. 900, Dentalium Mississippiense Con. ; also twelve species of Pleurotomidai, four of 

 Triton, five of Mitra, etc. 



One-sixth of the species occur in the Vicksburg beds, and several in the Claiborne. 

 At Red Bluff, there is a stratum between the Jackson and Vicksburg beds, containing 

 many species peculiar to it; twenty-eight per cent, only are Vicksburg species, while six 

 per cent, are Jackson. 



4. Vertebrates, —(a.) In the Claiborne Group. —Fig. 915, Lamna elegans Ag.;. 

 Fig. 916, Notidanus primigenius Ag., from Richmond, Va. 



(b.) In the Jackson Group. — Teeth of Sharks. Fig. 917, tooth of Zeuglodon cetoides, 

 natural size. 



(c. ) In the Vicksburg Group. — Teeth of Sharks, Fig. 914, Carcharodon angustidens 

 Ag. ; C. megalodon Ag ; Galeocerdo latidens Ag. — Reptile, Crocodilus macrorhynchus 

 Harlan. 



{d.) In the Eocene Green-sand beds of Squankum, Monmouth, County, New Jersey. — 

 The sword-fishes, Histiophorus gracilis Mh., Embalorhynchus Kinnei Mh., Codorhyn- 

 chus ornatus L. ; the Saw-fish, Pristis curvidens L. The Snakes, Dinophis Halidanus 

 Mh. (Pakeophis Halidanus Cope), twenty feet long, D. littoralis Mh., Dinophis grandis 

 Mh., probably over twenty feet long; the Crocodile, Crocodilus Squa?ikensis Mh.; Ga- 

 vicdis minor Mh., but six feet long. In South Carolina, Pristis ensidens L. In Virginia, 

 P/istis brachiodon Cope. 



(e.) In the Fresh-water beds of the Rocky Mountain Region, in Wyoming, Utah, and 

 Colorado. 



