INDEX. 



827 



Turritella erosa, 551. 

 Hoffmanni, 510. 

 multisulcata, 518. 

 reticulata, 551. 

 spironema, 508. 

 variata, 510. 

 Turseodus, 417. 



Turtles, 121,§ 33S,§ 339, 443, 

 450, 464, 485, 502, 509, 516. 

 first of, 428. 

 range of, in time, 589. 

 Tylosaurus dyspelor, 468. 

 micromus, 465,* 468. 

 proriger, 468. 

 Tyudall on glaciers, 681, 683. 

 Types, comprehensive, 382, 597. 

 culmination of, 385, 482, 588, 



594 597. 

 expansion of, 288, 383, 483, 



588, 594, 597. 

 extinction of, 288, 384, 588, 



597. 

 range of different, 385, 386,* 

 588,* 597. 

 Typhis, 508. 



puugens, 519. 

 Tyrol, plant-beds of, 514. 

 Tyson, P. T., on Cycads in 

 Maryland, 459. 



Uintah Mts., 453. 



in the Mesozoic, 486. 

 Uintah basin, 492, 493. 

 Uintatherium, 494, 504,§ 510. 



robustum, 510. 

 Uintornis lucaris, 510. 

 Ullmannia, 371. 

 Ulmus, 497. 

 Ulodendron, 348. 

 Ulster lead and copper mines, 



222. 

 Umbral series, 295, 375. 

 Unakyte, 70. § 

 Uncites, 171. § 

 Uncompacted rocks, 63. § 

 Unconformable strata, 100, §* 

 181, 183, 210, 215, 217, 232, 

 289, 308,* 486, 487. 

 Under-clay, 312.§ 

 Under-currents, 662. § 

 Under-tow, 662.§ 

 Unexplained facts, 757. 

 Ungalite grit, 163, 218. 

 Unicardium, 433. 

 Unio, 359, 450, 508, 548, 590. 

 Liassinus, 433. 

 Nebrascensis, 468. 

 priscus, 501,*508. 

 Valdensis, 450.* 

 United States, Geological map of, 



144, 292. 

 Unity in the life of the different 



ages, 594. 

 Universality of pressure and 



movements, 746. 

 Univalves, 125. § 

 Unstratified rocks, 107.§ 

 Unterquader group, 470. 

 Uplift, Cincinnati, axis of, 391. 

 Uplifts, 92.§ 



See Elevation, Disturbances. 

 Upper Devonian , 254. 

 Upper Silurian. See Silurian. 

 Urals, Carboniferous in, 347. 

 elevation of, 347. 

 in the Cretaceous, 480. 

 position of, 26. 

 Ure-Ox, 582. 

 Urocordylus Wandesfordii, 351. 



Urosalpynx cinerea, 561. 

 Ursa beds, 283, 307- 

 Ursus, 520.§ 



amplidens, 567. 



Arctos, 564. 



Arvernensis, 571. 



ferox, 564. 



pristinus, 567. 



spelaeus or Cave Bear, 563,* 

 564. 

 Urus, 562, 565, 571, 582. 

 Utah, Carboniferous in, 293. 



Cretaceous in, 454, 456. 



lignites in, 457. 



silver-mines of, 296. 



Subcarboniferous in, 296- 



terraces in, 549. 



Tertiary in, 491, 493. 



Triassic in, 406. 



See, further, Great Salt 

 Lake. 

 Utica epoch, 164, 194. 



shale, 194. 



Valleys, excavation of, 539, 638, 



761. 

 Valvata, 508. 



tricarinata, 548. 

 Vanuxemia Montrealensis , 191. 

 Vanuxem, L., plicated clayey 



layers, 656. 



metamorphic rocks in the 

 Salina, 233. 

 Variegated sandstone, 424. 

 Vaux, analyses of coal, 316. 

 Vegetable kingdom, 1, 133. § 



relation to animal, 115. § 

 Vegetable remains. See Plants. 

 Vegetation, protection by, 606. 

 Veins, nature and form of, 

 108, §* 112.§* 



alterations of, 733. 



faultings of, 109,* 734. 



formation of, 731. 



of Lake Superior region, 186. 



false, 113.§ 



works on, 114. 

 Vein-stone, 113.§ 

 Vein-structure of glaciers, 682. 

 Venericardia planicosta, 491, 

 509. 



rotunda, 509. 

 Ventral valve, 170. § 

 Ventriculites, 472, 474. 



decurrens, 476. 



radiatus, 476. 

 Venus, 475, 483. 500, 508. 



cancellata, 510. 



capax, 510. 



difformis, 495. 



mercenaria, 510, 561. 



tridacnoides, 510. 

 Vergent series, 375. 

 Vermicular sandstone, 294. 

 Vermont, Ohazy in, 182. 



Eolian limestone in, 196. 



fossil fruits of Brandon, 494, 

 497, 498.* 



Helderberg in, 237, 255, 256. 



Niagara in , 221 . 



Potsdam in, 167, 181. 



Quaternary in, 529, 531, 537. 



terraces in, 548. 



Tertiary in, 494. 



Trenton in, 196. 

 Verneuil, on commencement of 



Devonian, 241. 

 Verrill, A. E., on Gulf Stream 

 in the Quaternary, 541. 



Verrill, on Ascidians, 602. 

 Vertebrate types, range of 588.* 

 Vertebrates, 120, 121, § 578, 594, 

 595. 

 5rst of, 247, 602. 

 first American, 261. 

 lowest of, 265. 

 range of, 588. 

 rarely preserved, 614. 

 Verticillites anastomosans, 476. 

 Vespertine series, 295, 375. 

 Vesulian group, 435. 

 Vesuvius, 716. 



eruptions of, 709, 714.. 

 Viburnum, 497. 

 dichotomum, 498. 

 Whymperi, 498. 

 Vicksburg group, 491, 494. 

 Vienna, Miocene plants of, 515, 



526. 

 Vincularia, 474. 

 Virginia, Archaean in, 150. 

 Carboniferous in, 311, 314. 



320, 321. 

 Catskill in, 280. 

 Chazy in, 182. 

 Cincinnati in, 197. 

 Clinton in, 218. 

 Cretaceous in, 455. 

 faults in, 399. 

 folds in, 396.* 

 Lower Helderberg in , 236. 

 Millstone grit in, 311. 

 monoclinal faults in, 399. 

 Potsdam in, 168. 

 Salina in, 233. 



Subcarboniferous in, 293, 295. 

 Tertiary in, 490, 491, 495, 



511. 

 thermal springs in, 401. 

 Triassic in, 405, 406, 419. 

 zinc ores in, 186. 

 Virgulian group, 435. 

 Vitis Islandica, 498. 



Olriki, 498. 

 Viverra, 519. § 

 Viviparous Mammals, 416. 

 Viviparus, 493, 508. 

 fluviorum, 450.* 

 Leai, 501*508. 

 retusus. 501,* 508. 

 trochiformis, 508. 

 Vohl, H., analysis of ash, 365. 

 Volcanic cones, 715. 

 bombs, 709. § 

 glass, 708, § 722. 

 sand, 66. § 

 slag, 707. § 

 Volcanoes, nature and action 

 of, 702, 707. 

 active, in the Pacific, 703. 

 distribution of, 703, 744. 

 evidence from, of internal 



heat of globe, 700. 

 source of, 722. 

 Voluta, 483, 500. 

 ambigua, 519. 

 athleta, 519. 

 dumosa, 509. 

 first of, 475. 

 Lamberti, 519. 

 nodosa, 518. 

 petrosa, 509. 

 Wetherellii, 518. 

 Volutilithes petrosa, 509. 

 Voltzia, 408, 409. § 

 heterophylla, 409, 425,* 429. 



Wacke, 66,§ 79. § 



