PALEOZOIC TIME — CARBONIC. 



705 



borescens, P. Candolleana, P. oreopteridia, P. pennceformis, P. latifolia, P. Miltoni, P. 

 dentata, P. pteroides, P. Pluckeneti, P. Germari, Goniopteris emarginata, G. elegans, 

 Alethoptens gigas ; Bhacophyllum filiciforme, B. lactuca, Sigillaria Brardii. In addition, 

 Toeniopteris Lesciiriana is near T. muUinervis, T. Newherryiana near T. vittata ; Gau- 

 lopteris elliptica is allied to C. peltigera, G. gigantea to G. microdiscus, and Baiera 

 Virginiana to B. digitata, 



1144-1147. 



1144. 



1145. 



1147. 



Figs. 1144, 1145, Neuropteris LoscUi ; 1146, 1146 a, Annularia carinata ; 1147, Walchia piniformis. All Geinitz. 



Ajs^imals. — Corals of the Cyathophyllum family, Bracliiopods of the 

 genera Productus, Spirifer, and Orthis, Pteropods of the genus Conularia, 

 Cephalopods of the genus Orthoceras, and Ganoid fishes with vertebrated 

 tails, give a Paleozoic character to the Fauna. But there are many new 

 tribes : among these, the most prominent is that of Reptiles. 



This transition character is apparent also in the number of old animal 

 types as well as vegetable that here nearly or quite fade out, — for it is the 

 period of the last of the species of Productus, Orthis, Murchisonia; nearly 

 the last of the extensive tribe of Cyathophylloid Corals, which made coral 

 reefs of far greater extent than those of modern seas ; nearly the last of the 

 extreme vertebrate-tailed (heterocercal) Ganoids. 



1148. 



Palaeoniscus Freieslebeni (x|). Murchison. 



1. Fishes. — Ganoids occur of the genera Palceoniscus, Fig. 1148; Platyso- 

 mus, Acrolepis, Pygopterus, Coelacanthus ; genera that are also Carboniferous. 

 The figure illustrates the heterocercal feature of the species. There were 

 also Cochliodont and Petalodont Sharks. 



DANA'S MANUAL — 45 



