756 



HISTORICAL GEOLOGY. 



and later; Marsh, in Ain. Jour. Sc, since 1875; Copa in publications of Acad. Nat. So. 

 Philad., Ainer. Phil. Soc. and Amer. Natnralist, since 1864. 



On Fossil Fishes, John H. Kedfield, Ann. N. Y. Lye. N. Hist., 1836 ; William C. Redfield, 

 Am. Jour. Sc, 1838 to 1843 ; Newberry, U. S. G. S., 4to, 1888, with figures of the species. 



On the Mammals, E. Emmons, loc. cit. ; H. F. Osborn, Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad., 4to, 

 1888, and also in later papers ; R. Owen, Pal. Soc. London, 1871. 



2. Triassic and Jurassic of the Western Interior and Pacific Border Regions. 



Triassic Formation. 



The Trias of the Western Interior and Pacific border regions, although 

 of great thickness, has afforded few organic relics of any kind. 



Plants. — The following are figures of three species of Cycads from the 

 Upper Triassic (Rhaetic) of Honduras, described by ISTewberry (1888). At 

 the Abiquiu Copper Mines, New Mexico, Newberry obtained (San Juan Rep.) 

 the new species Otozamites Macomhii (also from Sonora), and Zamites 



1187 



1189 







v; 



< V - -v.. 



Cycads. — Fig. 11S7, Anomozamites elegans ; 1188, Otozamites linguiformis ; 1189, Encephalartos (?) dentlculatus. 



Ne^Yben•y. 



occidentalis. Sonora, Mexico, has afforded Newberry species of Pecopteris 

 ( OUgocarina) , Alethopteris, Camptopteris, TmniojJteris, including the Virginia 

 species Tmniopteris magnifoUa (T. latior Stur), and also a Jeanpaullia, 

 J. radiata, Nby., near J. Miinsteriana of the Richmond basin. 



Animals. — The marine species of Invertebrates include Brachiopods 

 of the genera Bhynchonella, Spiriferina, and Terebratula ; Lamellibranch 

 Mollusks of the genera Pecten, Lima, Avicula, Monotis, Halohia, Daonella, 

 Posidonomya, Corbula, Myoplioria, and others ; and Cephalopods of the old 

 genus Orthoceras, and under the Ammonite group, of the genera Sageceras 

 (Figs. 1190, a), Trachyceras (Figs. 1191, a), Arcestes, Tropites, which are 

 characteristic, and also many others. 



A few Insects have been described by Scudder from Fairplay, Col., 

 which are supposed to be Triassic. All but one, a Hemipter, are of the 



