MESOZOIC TIME — CRETACEOUS. 



845 



and upward in span of wings ; and, as a new feature, great Sea-serpents, the 

 Mosasaurids, having a length of 10 to 80 feet. 



Plesiosaurids of the genus Cimoliosaurus of Leidy (1865) have been found 

 in New Jersey, Alabama, and Mississippi, and others, of the genus Elasmo- 

 saurus of Cope, in the Continental Interior. The E. platyurus, a carnivorous 

 species, 45 to 50 feet in length, had a neck 22 feet long, containing over 60 

 vertebrae. 



The Herbivorous Dinosaurs include species of widely diverse forms and 

 great magnitude. The first discovered is the Hadrosaurus Foulkii of Leidy 

 (1858), a species about 28 feet long, having many of the characters of the 

 Iguanodon of Great Britain. 



A related species, equally large, is the Claosaurus annectens of Marsh 

 (1890), from the Ceratops beds of eastern Wyoming, of which a restoration 

 by the describer is here given (Fig. 1408). 



It is an excellent example of these three-toed Ornithopod Reptiles, with 

 their short fore feet, and very massive tail, — the latter, one of the three 

 supports of the heavy body when erecting itself for brousing. A side view 

 of the skull is shown in Fig. 1409. The teeth are confined to the maxillary 



1409-1411. 



1411 



Claosattkits annectenb. — Fig. 1409, the skull, side view (x j'j) ; 1410, top view ( x ^'5) ; 1411 a, b, series of teeth ; 



a, front view ; b, side view (x |). From Marsh. 



and dentary bones, and are in great numbers ; they are arranged in vertical 

 series, and Fig. 1411 is an outer view of one of the series, in which the 

 number of teeth is five. The number of teeth in the series is largest over 

 the middle of the jaw, and is sometimes six or more. Fig. 1410 is an 

 upper view of the skull. At b is the brain cavity, which, as Marsh states, is 

 very small in proportion to the head. 



