896 



HISTORICAL GEOLOGY. 



1475. 



of the Eocene of Mississij)pi, Arkansas, and elsewhere, have aiforded large 



numbers of leaves of plants ; others have been obtained, together with a 



variety of nuts, from the bed of lignite at Brandon, Vt. 



The plants of these beds, some of which are here represented, are closely 



related to those of the present era. 



Fig. 1470 represents an oak leaf (Quercus myrtifolia) from Somerville, 



Tenn., the Lagrange group of Safford; Fig. 1471, leaf 

 of a cinnamon {Cinnamomum Mississippiense) , from 

 Mississippi, at Winston; Fig. 1472, a palm (Cala- 

 mopsis Dance. Lsqx.), from Mississippi, in Tippah, 

 Lafayette, Calhoun ; Fig. 1473, nut of a beach (Fagus 

 ferruginea (?)), from the Lagrange group of Tennes- 

 see; Fig. 1474, fruit {Carpolithes irregularis Lsqx.), 

 from the Brandon Lignite bed; Fig. 1475 {Garpo- 

 lithes Brandonensis Lsqx.), the most abundant of the 

 Brandon nuts, natural size. The kind of plant pro- 

 ducing these two fruits is undetermined. Among 

 the other Brandon fruits, Lesquereux recognized the 

 arpoi es ran onesis. genera Carya, Fagus, Aristolochia, Sapindiis, Cinna- 



momum, lUicium, Carpinus, and Nyssa. (^Am. Jour. Sc, xxxii., 355, 1861.) 



Animals. — Invertebrates. — In the Eocene, among Protozoans, Rhizo- 

 pods are very numerous in some of the beds. The coin-shaped fossils, 

 Ch'hitoides, resembling Nummulites in form, abound in the Vicksburg beds, 

 and the rock is often called the Orbitoides limestone; the common species, 

 0. Mantelli, is represented in Fig. 1494. 



Midway. — Characteristic species of the Midway group are represented 

 in Figs. 1476-1478 ; of the Lignitic group, in Figs. 1479-1481 ; and Eocene 

 of the Lower Claiborne, in Figs. 1482-1484, 1487, 1488 ; of the Upper Clai- 



borne, in Figs. 1485, 1486, 1489 ; of the Vicksburg, in Figs. 1490-1496 : 

 Miocene, in Figs. 1497-1507 ; of the Pliocene, in Figs. 1508-1510. 



of the 



1476 



1476-1478. 



1477 



1478 



EooKNE, Midway Group. ■ 



Fig. 1476, Enclimatoceras Ulrichi ; 1477, Volutilithes rugatus ; 1478, V. limopsis. 

 Fig. 1476, 0. A. White ; 1477, 1478, Harris. 



