998 



HISTORICAL GEOLOGY. 



1556. 



Texas, and Mexico on the south to Canada on the north, and Oregon and 

 California on the west, and lived also in Alaska and over the interior plateau 



of British Columbia north of the glaciated 

 area. Moreover, it was an inhabitant of 

 Britain, of nearly all Europe, and of northern 

 Asia. It was a hairy species, as some Russian 

 specimens have shown, and was thereby 

 fitted for life in cold-temperate latitudes. 

 The species was over twice the weight of 

 the largest modern Elephant and nearly a 

 third taller. One of the teeth, from Ohio, 

 a fourth the natural size, is shown in Eig. 

 1556. The American Elephant, excepting 

 the variety in the remote northwest, has 

 been regarded until recently as a distinct 

 species and called Elephas Americanus. The chief difference is in the teeth, 

 the plates of enamel being less closely crowded than in the European. 



Another Elephant-like species, of still larger size, was the Mastodon 

 Americanus, a restoration of which, Jg the natural size, by Marsh, is given 

 in Eig. 1557. Eig. 1558 represents one of the teeth, a fourth the natural size 



Tooth of Elephas primigenius (x |). 



1557. 



Fig. 1557, Restoration of Mastodon Americanus (x j'g), by Marsh; 1558, Tooth of same (x J). 



lineally. The remains of the species are met with most abundantly over the 

 northern half of the United States, though occurring also in the Carolinas, 

 Mississippi, Arkansas, and Texas. They are found also in Canada and 

 Nova Scotia. The best skeletons have been dug out of marshes, in which 

 the animals had become mired. The skeleton here figured was from a marsh 



