INDEX. 



1055 



EuphantJenia, 432 



Euphoberia, 691, 701 ; anthrax, 703 ; 



armigera, 67S*, 691 ; Brownii, 703 

 Euphotide, 8S§ 



Euplectella, 432 ; speciosa, 57*, 432 

 Euproops Danse, 691 

 Eupterornis, 925 

 Eurasia, 17, 21, 22, 32, 33, 51, 538 ; 



sea level at its center, 346 

 Eureka district, 447, 469, 47S, 484, 



495, 516, 541, 580, 581, 592, 593, 



659, 733 ; mine, 340 ; quartzyte, 



516 ; shale, 606 



— Mts., 733 



Europe (see also Eurasia), 22, 23 

 (mean height), 24, 26, 32, 34, 41 

 (trends), 51, 165, 234 (snow-Une), 

 296 (.volcanoes), 393, 395, 398, 402, 

 403, 405, 406, 407, 411, 760, 793 

 (warmed by the Gulf Stream), 

 913 ; American types in, 550, 573 ; 

 AustraUan types in, 922 



— , Archa?anin, 442, 456 ; Cambrian, 

 484 ; Carboniferous, 631, 674, 689, 

 691, 692, 699 ; contrast of Juras- 

 sic with American, 792 ; Lower 

 Silurian, upturnings at the close, 

 533-535 



Euryapteryx, 1014 



Eurj-Iepis, 679, 680, 692 ; tubercu- 

 lata, 680*, 692 



Eurynotus, 417 



Eurypterids, 59, 420§, 496, 565, 623, 

 719, 721 ; Devonian, 604, 615, 

 623*, 629, 719 (cuhnination) ; Car- 

 boniferous, 676, 701, 710, 719 ; 

 Lower Silurian, 496 (first), 521, 

 525, 719; Upper Silurian, 550, 

 571, 574; Onondaga, 556*, 557; 

 Paleozoic, 420, 719, 723 



Eurypterus, 557, 567, 615, 623, 722, 

 724 ; giganteus, 556 : Mansfleldi, 

 676, 677*, 710 ; prominens, 550 ; 

 remipes, 556* 



Euryte, 84§, 205 



Eusarcus, 557 



Eusthenopteron, 619 ; Foordi, 618* 



Eutaw beds (group), 815, 816, 819, 



854 ; (Upper), 815, 823 

 Eutoptychus, 918 

 Everest (Mt.), 23 

 Evergreen trees, 435 

 Evolution. See also Life, progress 



of 

 Evolution by Natural Selection, 

 1080, 1032 



— and cephalization, 439 

 Excavation by water, 167§, 178 

 Excrements, fossil. See Coprolites 

 Exmouth Isl., 749, 792 

 Exogens, 434§, 435 



Exogyra, 160, 779, 834, 840, 856, 860, 

 877 (end) ; arietina, 835*, 83' 

 Boussingaultii, 867 ; columba. 

 866 ; columbella, 854, 855 ; conica, 

 865 ; costata, 841*, 854, 855 

 Couloni, 865; flabellata, 836 

 tevigata, 867 ; ponderosa, 834, 



855 ; sinuata, 837, 864, 865 ; sub' 

 plicata, 867; Texana, 817, 836 

 virgula, 780* 



Exogyra arietina clays, 817 



Exogyra ponderosa marls, 815, 824, 



865 

 Expansion and contraction, 259-265, 



372, 381 

 Exploits River channel, 461 

 Exploring Isles, 150 

 Extermination of species. See Life 

 Extracrinus Briareus, 778*, 790 



Facial suture, 421 § 



Fagus, 896, 922 ; ferruginea, 895*, 

 896 



Fair weather, Mt., 25, 238 



Falkland Islands, 19, 155, 209, 627 



Faluns beds of Anjou, 926 



Famennian beds, 626, 627 



Fanning Islands, 38 



Faroe Islands, 938 



Fasciolaria, 916, 922 ; buccinoides, 

 841* ; rhomboidea, 917 ; scalarina, 

 917 



Fats (animal), 123, 124, 655, 656 



Faults, 107§, 108*, 109*, 110*, 111, 

 114*, 115*, 353; in the Great 

 Basin, 365, 366* ; Taconic, 527* ; 

 Appalachian, 354 



Fauna antiqua Sivalensis, 936 



Faunas. See Life 



Favistella, 552 ; favosidea, 550 ; 

 stellata, 510, 511*, 515 



Favosites, 310, 547*§, 552, 562, 567, 

 581, 585§, 597, 625, 640, 719 ; 

 arbuscula, 601 ; Argus, 601 ; 

 basaltious, 551, 591 ; Canadensis, 

 592 ; cervicornis, 562, 625 ; 

 favosus, 550 ; fibrosus, 520, 522, 

 567, 568, 628; Goldfussi, 584*, 

 590 ; Gothlandicus, 550, 551, 552, 

 567, 56S, 569, 591 ; Hamiltoniffi, 

 601 ; Helderbergiie, 560, 562 ; 

 hemispha?ricus, 592 ; Niagarensis, 

 547*, 550 ; placenta, 601 ; poly- 

 morphus, 569 ; reticulatus, 628 ; 

 turbinatus, 590 ; venustus, 550 



Faxe chalk, 866 



Fayalite, 67§, 84, 338 



Feature-lines, system in courses of, 

 35 



Feldspar, 64*§, 129 



Feldspathic rocks, 80, 81, 82 ; veins, 

 331, 332, 336 



Felis, 919, 927, 1001 ; atrox, 1000 ; 

 leo, 1004 ; pardoides, 927 ; speliea, 

 1004, 1006, 1009 



Felsitic, 88 



Felstones, 517 



Felsyte, 82, S4§ ; porphyry, 468, 623 



Fenestella, 545, 546*, 551, 590 ; cel- 

 sipora. 579 ; prisca, 546*, 550 



Fermentation, 137 



Fernandian, 446 



Fernando de Noronha, phonolyte 

 peak, 263* 



Fernando Po, 297 



Ferns, 53, 434, 436 ; ash of, 74, 75, 

 663 ; Silurian, 564, 565 ; Devonian, 

 583*, 595* ; Subcarboniferous, 639, 

 645 ; Carboniferous. 654, 657, 666, 

 667, 670*, 671*, 676, 677, 682, 689 ; 

 Permian, 684, 685, 704 ; Triassic, 

 740, 749*, 750, 770 



Ferriferous limestone, 664, 792 



Ferruginous clay, 81§ ; rocks, 78§ ; 



sandstone, 80 

 Fibrolite, 65§, 66, 83 

 FibroHtic rocks, 83 

 Fichtelgebirge, 563, 627 

 Ficophyllum, 831 

 Ficus, S;31, 840, 916 ; auriculata, 839 ; 



lanceolata, 839 ; occidentalis, 839 ; 



planicostata, 839 ; spectabilis, 



839 ; tili*folia, 839 ; Virginiensis, 



832* 

 Fig, 812, 859, 921 

 Fiji Islands, 145, 148, 150*, 297 

 Fin-spines, 416*§, 

 Findlay, Ohio, 533 ; oil-region, 138, 



206, 522-523 ; yield of, 523 

 Finland, Arohijean in, 455, 456 ; 



Lower Silurian, 521 

 Finsteraarhorn, 236 

 Fiords, 946-949 (Glacial) 

 Fioryte, 82§ 

 Fire clay, 650 

 Fu-e-Hole, 305, 307 

 Firn, 2.33§ 

 Fish, primitive, related to the Lam- 



prej', 1031 

 Fish Creek Mts., 495, 733 

 Fish-oil in shales, 655, 656 

 Fish-scales, composition of, 73 

 Fisher Island, 822 

 Fishes, 52, 55, 56, 59, 60, 141, 146, 



156, 158, 176, 409*, 414, 415-418, 



564, 681, 789, 797, 931 ; fossil, in 



oil-}aelding coal-beds, 124 ; reign 



of, 411, 460 ; earliest known, 509 ; 



culmination of, 869 ; first Teleosts, 



738 

 Flabellaria, 921 ; eocenica, 639 

 FlabeUina rugosa, 432*, 860* 

 Flagellates, 419, 4;31 

 Flagging-stone, 92§. 480 

 Flaming Gorge group, 747 

 Flamingoes, 923 

 Flammenmergel, 865 

 Flat-pebble conglomerate, 604, 630 

 Flathead River, 240 

 Flexure-faults, 109*, 351 

 Flexures, 99, 101*, 102*, 103*, 104*, 



105*, 106* ; variations in, from 



pressure, 369; in the Alps and 



Juras, 367, 368 

 —.Appalachian, 354, 355*, 356*, 



649*, 650* ; Taconic, 527* ; Wa- 

 satch, 361, 369 

 Flies, 419, 794 

 FUnt, 63§, 97, 859 § ; implements, 



143, lOOS 

 Flocculation, 170 

 Flood-grounds of rivers, 181§, 182, 



183, 191, 193-194, 943. See also 



Shore-platforms ; Terraces 

 Flora. See Plants 

 Florida, 22, 23 (height), 40 (trend), 



153, 210, 213, 265, 323, 433, 823 ; 



coral reefs, 145, 153, 213 

 — , Tertiary in, 881*, 884, 887, 890, 



891, 892, 916, 934 (elevation) 



— Banks, 163 



— seas, NulHpores in, 147 



— Strait, 44, 45, 229, 230, 256 

 Floridian epoch and beds, 884, 891, 



900*, 917 



