1074 



INDEX. 



Planorbis, 152, 856; discus, 926; 

 euomphalus, 926 



Plant-beds, 933 



Plantain, 812 



Plants, Tl, 72 ; geographical distri- 

 bution of, 52-60 ; phosphoric 

 acid in ash, 78 ; analyses of, 74, 

 75 ; chemical work by, 136 ; pro- 

 tective effects of, 155 ; materials 

 for rock -making, 140, 143 



Plaster of Paris, 69§ 



Plastic clays, 821, 825, 925 



Plasticity of rocks from superheated 

 steam, 324 



Plastomenus, 850 



Platanus, 831, 840, 922 ; aceroides, 

 839 ; GuillelmsB, 889 ; Pveynoldsii, 

 839 



Plateau, 25§, 188 



— belt, 739, 748, 749, 811; region, 

 818 



Plateaus carved into mountains, 

 188 



Platephemera antiqua, 600* 



Platinum, 331, 376, 455 



Platte River, 29, 885 



Plattendolomit, 697 



Platyceras, 478, 487, 499, 561, 562, 

 568, 570, 574, 578, 585, 590, 598, 

 602, 612, 642; angulatum, 548*, 

 551 ; auriformis, 503 ; carinatum, 

 592, 602 ; conicum, 592, 602 ; den- 

 talium, 592 ; dumosum, 586*, 590 ; 

 equilatei-ale, 647 ; erectum, 602 ; 

 Haliotis, 578 ; nodosum, 592 ; pri- 

 maevum, 471, 472* ; rectum, 602 ; 

 reversum, 647 ; spirale, 579 ; sym- 

 metricum, 602; thetis, 602 ; ven- 

 tricosum, 562 ; vetustum, 625 



Platycrinus, 597, 646; Saffordi, 

 640*, 646 



Platygnathus, 626 



Platygonus, 919 



Platj'schisma helicites, 567 ; heli- 

 coides, 573 



Platysomus, 705 ; gibbosus, 707 ; 

 macrurus, 707 



Platystoraa, 562, 590, 612, 621 ; Ni- 

 agarenese, 548*, 551 



Platystrophia biforata, 507*, 550 



Playa, 196§ 



Pleasant (Mt.) beds, 606 



Plectambonites, 503, 550 ; sericeus, 

 507*, 514, 520, 522, 524, 550; 

 transversalis, 426*, 548*, 551, 568 



Plectoceras, 501 



Plectrodus mirabilis, 567 ; pleio- 

 pristis, 567 



Pleistocene life. North American, 

 997 ; South American, 1002 ; Eu- 

 ropean, 1004 ; Australian, 1006 ; 

 foreign, 1004 ; man, 1008 



Pleistocene period, 890, 940, 941 



Plesiadapis, 925 



Plesiosaurus, 778, 785, 790, 856, 868 ; 

 dolichodeirus, 784* ; macrocepha- 

 lus, 785*; occiduus, 828, 856 



Pleuracanthus Gaudryi, 702, 703* 



Pleuroceras spinatum, 781* 



Pleurocoelus altus, 836 ; nanus, 836* 



Pleurocystites filitextus, 505*, 514 ; 

 tenuiradiatus, 517 



Pleurodictyon, 626 



Pleurolichus, 918 



Pleuromya, 760 ; laevigata, 837 ; uni- 

 oides, 760 



Pleurophorus elongatus, 774 ; sub- 

 cuneatus, 685* 



Pleurorhynchus, 520 



Pleurosigma angulatum, 437* 



Pleurotoma, 922; abundans, 916; 

 Americana, 916; attenuata, 926; 

 beadata, 916 ; congesta, 916 ; cris- 

 tata, 916 ; declivis, 916 ; Heilprini, 

 916 ; Huppertzi, 916 ; moniliata, 

 915 ; perexilis, 916 ; rotsedens, 

 916 ; tenella, 916 ; Texana, 855 ; 

 Tippana, 855 



Pleurotomaria, 59, 487, 493, 499, 516, 

 520, 521, 525, 551, 562, 586, 590. 

 598, 621, 642, 700, 707, 780 (culmi- 

 nation), 792 ; Adansoniana, 59 ; an- 

 tiquata, 503 ; Attleborensis, 471 ; 

 Austinensis, 837 ; biangulata, 503 ; 

 Brittoni, 854 ; calcifera, 500 ; ca- 

 lyx, 503 ; carbonaria, 690 ; docens, 

 503 ; Grayvillensis, 690 ; grega- 

 ria, 500 ; litorea, 544*, 549 ; Ohio- 

 ensis, 516 ; pervetusta, 549 ; Shu- 

 mardi, 647 ; solarioides, 549, 551 ; 

 spha?rulata, 675*, 690 ; staminea, 

 517; subconica, 514; tabulata, 

 675*, 690; turbinea, 627; virgu- 

 lata, 602 



Pliauchenia, 912, 919 



Plicated rocks, eflFects of erosion of, 

 186* 



Plication of clayey layers, 208, 209* 



Phcations and plicatlng, experi- 

 ments by Daubree on, 353 ; in 

 mountains, 854 



Plicatula inilata, 866 ; placunea, 837, 

 865 ; spinosa, 790 



PUnthosella squamosa, 432* 



Pliocene period, 880§ 



Pliohippus. 913*, 919 



Pliohippus beds, 885 



Pliopithecus, 927 



Pliosaurus, 785 



Plocoscyphia maeandrina, 866 



Plombieres, formation of zeolites 

 at, 323 



Plover, 902 



Plum, 921 



Plumbaginous rock. See Graphitic 



Plumbago, 62§ 



Plutonic rocks, 298§ 



Pluvial period, 981 



Pnesopteryx, 1014 



Po, ratio of sediment to water, 190 



Pocono group, 410, 634, 636, 728 



Podosthenic, 439, 717§, 726, 796 



Podozamites Emmonsi, 749* ; lance- 

 olatus, 833* ; nervosus, 834 



Podura. 419, 702 



Poebrotherium, 911, 918 ; labiatum, 

 910, 911* 



Poecilodus, 692 



Pogonip limestone, 495, 516 



Pogonodon, 918 



Poikilitic group, 681, 7B8 



Polacanthus Foxi, 863 



Polar Bear, 950 



— ice-cap, 846 



Polenos Island, 296 (Tolcanoes) 



Polioptenus clegans, 704 



Polishing of rocks. See Scratches 



Pollinices Burnsii, 917 



Polj'cystines, 433* 



Polyernus, 691 



Polygnathus dubius, 621 ; nasutus, 



621 ; palmatus, 621 ; princeps, 



621 ; punetatus, 621 

 Polymastodon, 917 

 Polynesian chain of islands, 87*, 38, 



39 

 Polyonax, 847 

 Polyps, Polyp corals, 144, 419, 429*, 



*31§ 

 Polypterus, 59, 417 

 Polyzoans, 427 



Pomeroy coal-bed, 653, 654, 689 

 Pompeii, 280 

 Ponderosa marls. See Exogyra pon- 



derosa marls 

 Ponent series, 728 

 Pontian stage, 927 

 Popanoceras, 686 

 Poplar, 837, 922 



Popocatapetl (Mt.), height of, 937 

 Populus livvigata, 839; mutabilis- 



ovalis, 839 ; Nebrascensis, 839 



primajva, 833 

 Porambonites, 521 

 Porcelain clay, 81, 184, 638 ; jasper, 

 ^ 84§ 



Porcelanyte, 84§ 

 Porcellio, 420* 

 Porcupine, 798 

 Porcupine Hills beds, 880 

 Porifera, 431 § 

 Poroblattina, 691 

 Porocrinus, 514, 516 

 Pororoca, 212§, 215 

 Porous rocks, 328 

 Porphyritic rocks, 77*§, 88§, 824 

 Porphyry, 84§, 841* 

 Porphyryte, 86 

 Port Hudson clay, 198 

 Port Jackson, N. S. "W., cliflfs at, 



221* 

 Port Jackson shark, 643, 797 

 Portage epoch and group, 576, 602 



— sandstone, 608, 605 

 Porte Blanche, 248 



Portheus, 844*, 862 ; molossus, 848 

 Portland beds, England, 788, 777; 

 dirt-bed, 775, 776* 



— cement, 79§ 



Portland Oolyte, 411, 775 ; stone, 775 



Portland, Victoria, 34 



Portlandian group, 738, 775 



Portsdown axis, 936 



Portugal, 85 ; Cambrian in, 484 ; 

 Lower Silurian, 521 



Posidonomya, 756 ; Bronnl, 790 ; 

 venusta, 627 



Post-Pliocene, 940§, 941 



Post-Tertiary, 940 



Pot-holes, 184, 250, 949 



Potamides transsectus, 916 



Potash, 61§, 81 ; salts, 320 



Potassium, 61 



Potentilla, 240 



Poteriocrinus, 532, 646, 690; Cox- 

 anus, 640 



