1086 



INDEX. 



Yolgian, 760, 790 



Volsella scalpra, 760 



Voltzia, 750, 774 ; heterophylla, 698, 



770*, 773 

 Voluntomorplia Eufaulensis, 854 

 Voluta, 922 ; ambigua, 926 ; athleta, 



926 ; Newcombiana, 915 ; nodosa, 



925; Showalteri, 915; Wether- 



ellii, 925 

 Volutilithes Haleanus, 916 ; limop- 



sis, 896*, 915 ; rugatus, 896*, 915 

 Vosges, 810, 626, 734 (upturnings), 



738 ; Archaean in, 456 ; Triassic, 



768 

 Vosgian, 738, 769, 773 

 Vraconnian, 859 

 Vulcano, 276 



Waagenoceras, 686 



Wabash River, 947 



"Wachita Mts. See Ouachita 



Wacke, 80§, 408 



Waders, 141 (easily fossilized), 852, 

 902 



Wadesboro Triassic area, 741 



Walderthon, 865 



Wairoa series, 770 



Wakes Island, 38 



Walchia, 693, 699, 704, 750 ; pini- 

 formis, 699, 704, 705* 



Waldheimia, 59 ; compacta, 690 ; 

 digona, 790 ; humeralis, 791 



Wales, 173, 191, 370, 463, 464 ; erup- 

 tions in, 518 ; upturnings in, 534, 

 733 ; geological map of, 694* 



— , Archaean in, 456, 457 ; Cambrian, 

 457, 480, 481 ; Lower Silurian, 

 517, 518, 520 ; Upper Silurian, 

 563, 564, 568, 574 ; Devonian, 622, 

 625 ; Subcarboniferous, 695 ; Car- 

 boniferous, 322, 662, 693, 694*, 

 695, 696, 734; Permian, 734; Tri- 

 assic, 768 



Walker's Lake, 757 



Wallala beds, 830, 840 



Walnut clays, 817 ; sands, 836 



Warrior coal-fields, 648, 657 



Warsaw group, 6:34, 637, 638 



Wasatch Eocene basin or lake, 360*, 



361, 365, 881*, 882, 893 

 — limestone, 580, 581, 659 

 Wasatch Range, 24, 25, 340, 359, 



360* (map), 874 

 ^, Archfean in, 444, 447 ; Cambrian, 

 469 ; Trenton, 494 ; Upper Silu- 

 rian, 541; Devonian, 360*, 361, 



362, 580, 681; Carboniferous, 

 360*, 361, 362; Mesozoic, 880; 

 Triassic, 747 ; Jurassic, 747, 760 ; 

 Cretaceous, 860*, 361 ; post-Mes- 

 ozoic, 874, 875 ; Tertiary, 865, 

 366, 984 



Washakie group or basin, 886, 893 

 Washburn, Mt., 276, 296 (height) 

 Washington, Mt, Mass., 104, 105*, 



528, 530 

 Washington, state, mean height of, 



23 ; glaciers of, 240 ; volcanoes of, 



296,937; coal of, 831; Tertiary in, 



885, 892 

 Washita epoch or group, 815, 817, 



819, 836 ; limestone, 817, 837 



Water, arrangement of seas, 16 ; 

 composition of, 71§ ; character- 

 istics of, 170-171 ; amount ab- 

 sorbed ■\vithin the earth, 209 ; 

 freezing and frozen : glaciers and 

 icebergs, 118, 171, 230-253 



— as a chemical agent, 118 ; as a 

 solvent, 118, 119, 121, 122 ; chem- 

 ical absorption of, 128 ; carbonic 

 acid in rain, river, and sea, 128 



Water-lime group, 410, 535, 552, 553, 

 554, 555, 556, 558, 559, 570, 571, 

 606 ; American species occurring 

 elsewhere, 569 



Water-line of coasts, 346 



Water-sculpture of mountains, 185§, 

 186* 



Water-spout, 163 



Waterfalls, 174, 184, 185 ; in glacier 

 crevasses, 250 



Waterglass, 135§ 



Wave-marks, 94§, 538 



Waverly group, 604, 638 



Waves, action and force of, 210, 212 ; 

 height of, 213, 216 ; Umit of de- 

 nudation by, 219, 221. See also 

 Tidal wave 



Waynesburg coal-beds, 651, 657, 663, 

 677 



Weald axis, 936 



Wealden epoch, 858 



Weasel, 924 



Weathering, 128, 136 



Weber, 360*, 361, 362 



— conglomerate, 659 ; quartzyte, 

 659 



Weevils, 771 

 Weissliegende, 697 

 Wellenkalk, 769, 773 

 Wellington Strait, 544, 552 

 Wells. See Artesian ; Mineral oil 

 Welwitschia, 435, 674; mirabilis, 



435* 

 Wengen shales, 774 

 Wenlock Edge, Scotland, 584 



— group, 463, 519, 568, 564, 565, 566, 

 567, 568 



— Umestone, 563 ; shale, 563 

 Werfen (Werfenian) beds, 769, 773 

 Wernerite, 65§ 



West Humboldt. See Humboldt 



West India basin, 857 



West Indies, 19, 21, 22, 40 (trends), 

 145 (coral reefs), 153, 296 (volca- 

 noes), 428, 429, 481, 578, 891 (Mio- 

 cene) 



West Peak, Col., 266 



West River, 227 



West Rock dike and Ridge, 299*, 

 302*, 303, 801*, 802, 803, 804* 

 (view), 805, 806, 808 



West Virginia, height of, 23 ; min- 

 eral oil in, 607, 608 



Western border region. See Pacific 

 border 



Western Continental Interior (sea) 

 of N. America, 575, 580, 635, 739, 

 872 ; Triassic and Jurassic in, 

 746-749, 756-768 ; Cretaceous, 

 818*, 814, 867, 878, 880 ; Tertiary, 

 880 



Western Isles of Scotland, 288 



Westphalia, 627 ; coal-beds, 696 



Wetterstein, 774 



Whale-bone Whales, 912*§, 925 



Whales, 56, 144, 415, 902, 908, 912, 

 927 (toothed), 981 ; ear-bones of, 

 dredged, 144 



Whetstone, 80§ 



Whip-snake, 682 



White ants, 159 ' 



White Bluff bed, 889 



White Cliff group, 747 



White Fish River, 445 



White Island, eruption, 374 



White Lias, 774, 790 



White Mts., N. H.. landslide in, 208 ; 

 incipient glacier in, 234 ; Arctic 

 plants of, 945, 946 



White Pine district, 495 



White River, 894, 901 



White River beds, 884, 886, 893 



White Sea, 521, 768 



Whitfieldella didyma, 567 ; nitida, 

 548*, 551 ; oblata, 549 



Whitney, Mt., 810 



Whittlesey a, 689 ; elegans, 674 



Whortleberry, 921 



Wianamatta shale, 699 



Wichito, 660 



Wight, Isle of, 920, 926 



Wild Boar, 54, 902, 927 



Willamette River, 30 



Willoughby, Mt., 945 



Willow, 837, 869, 879 



WUlow Creek beds, 880 



Willow River limestone, 493 



Wind, 89 ; denudation by, 159 



Wind-drift coral rocks, 151 ; struc- 

 ture, 93*§, 162 



Wind-made waves and currents, 

 166, 212, 216 



Wind River basin and group, 884, 

 886, 893, 918 ; Mts., 240 (glaciers), 

 639. 748, 945 



Windsor series, 639 



Windward Islands, 44 



Winnipeg Lake, 29, 199, 200, 515, 

 524, 562; climate of, 944; dis- 

 charge into the Mississippi, 947 ; 

 in the Champlain period, 986 



Winnipegosis (Lake), 594 



Winooski limestone, 467, 472 



Wisconsin, 23 (height), 536, 944 

 (rainfall) ; lead mines, 842, 522 



Wodnika strlatula, 707 



Wolf, 924, 927 



Wolf Creek conglomerate, 606 



Wood brought down bj' rivers, 191 ; 

 carbonized, 892 ; composition of, 

 74, 123, 718 ; decomposition of, 

 123, 124, 613; sUicified, 125, 135, 

 143, 280, 300, 892 (see also Petri- 

 factions) 



Woodchuck, 915 



Woodocrinus elegans, 640*, 646 



Woodpecker, 902 



Wood's Bluff beds, 888 



Woodville sandstone, 657 



Woodwardia latiloba, 889 



Woolhope beds, 568 



Woolwich beds, 925 



Worcester, Mass., 453, 461, 633, 

 635, 646, 658, 714, 732 



