well as national data. Research Notes have a more limited dis- 

 tribution, either because of the sub|ect matter or because the 

 results are not generahzable. For example, a Research Note, 

 Demographic Profiles of Visitors to the National Air and Space Mu- 

 seum (NASM): Comparison of Results from the 1988 NASM Survey 

 and the 1992 Star Trek Survey (RN 93— 1), resulted from a re- 

 quest from the Smithsonian Institution Council; another Re- 

 search Note, Visitors to the Czech Cubism Exhibition (RN 93-4), 

 reporred findings from a limited study of visitors' experience 

 at Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum. Finally, to en- 

 sure that clients have timely access to results while more for- 

 mal documents are being prepared, memoranda are issued for 

 internal use. 



During Fiscal Year 1994, the office provided major research 

 and technical support for two programmatic efforts at the 

 Smithsonian — the forthcoming Smithsonian Institution 150th 

 Celebration and the Office of Equal Employment and Minor- 

 ity Affairs (OEEMA). In support of the 150th celebration's pri- 

 mary goal of increasing the public's sense of ownership and 

 participation in the Smithsonian, we undertook three activi- 

 ties. ISO provided technical assistance on all aspects of a 

 study, The Economic Impact of the Smithsonian Institution on the 

 Washington Metropolitan Area, conducted by the Greater Wash- 

 ington Research Center. For the study, ISO assembled all the 

 Smithsonian payroll and other expenditure data, arranged for 

 the survey team to interview at Smithsonian Washington facil- 

 ities, and assisted with the analysis and report preparation. 

 For the Smithsonian Institution Marketing Study, a national tele- 

 phone survey of public expectations and views of the 

 Smithsonian, ISO assisted in the selection of a contractor, 

 questionnaire development, sample selection from the 

 Smithsonian Marketing Database, and data collection over- 

 sight. For the 150th Steering Committee, ISO tested, at a 

 variety of United States locations, the effectiveness of several 

 proposed 150th Logo designs resulting from an internal 

 competition. 



Using a database designed and maintained by ISO, updated 

 routinely with information collected by the Office of Human 

 Resources, we conducted analyses of the characteristics of the 

 Smithsonian workforce at the request of OEEMA. The statisti- 

 cal analysis included in the Congressionally mandated annual 

 report on the racial/ethnic and gender composition of the 

 Smithsonian workforce were completed. ISO prepared all of 

 the tabulations presented in the Affirmative Action Plans for 

 Minorities and Women and the Affirmative Action Plans for 

 Individuals with Disabilities which are submitted annually by 

 SI to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 

 (through OEEMA). From this database, the office (through 

 OEEMA) also provided tabulations to the Smithsonian Insti- 

 tution Task Force on Latino Issues. 



As pan of our on-going efforts to understand Smithsonian 

 constituencies, two studies were completed (one based on ad- 

 ministrative data, another on previously collected personal in- 

 terviews), and data collection initiated for three new efforts. 

 The first, 1993 Visits to Smithsonian Museums (Report 94-2), con- 



ducted in collaboration with the Office of Public Affairs 

 (OPA), analyzed the visit statistics collected routinely by the 

 Office of Protection Services. The second major study was Vis- 

 its and Visitors to the Smithsonian Institution: A Summary of Stud- 

 ies (Report 94-1). The purpose of this report is to provide, in a 

 concise form, a demographic profile of the millions of local, 

 national and international visitors to Smithsonian museums 

 and the National Zoological Park in Washington, D.C. It is 

 based on a compilation of ISO studies conducted between 

 1987 and 1993, as well as data from the Smithsonian's Office of 

 Protection Services, the U.S. Bureau of the Census, and the 

 Washington Convention and Visitors Association. 



At the request of the National Air and Space Museum 

 (NASM), ISO is updating the first museum demographic 

 study conducted by the office, the 1998 NASM Survey (summa- 

 rized in Reports 89-1 and 89-2). Data collected in the 1994 

 NASM Survey will allow for assessing any changes in visitor 

 characteristics since 1988, as well as provide information for a 

 range of new museum activities. Data collection is also under- 

 way for a year-long study of the National Museum of Natural 

 History (NMNH). Although ISO has conducted exhibition- 

 specific studies at NMNH (summarized in Report 94-1), a 

 comprehensive study of visitors' characteristics and experi- 

 ences at NMNH has heretofore not been conducted. At the 

 end of their first year of operation following the re-opening of 

 the Freer Gallery of Art, ISO was asked to participate with 

 that museum, and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, in develop- 

 ing and implementing a study of their visitors. As no system- 

 atic data collection had previously taken place in those 

 museums, several small-scale visitor observation and interview 

 studies were completed. These, combined with group discus- 

 sions with visitors, will provide the background for a FY95 

 study. Background research was also conducted for a forth- 

 coming year-long study at the National Museum of American 

 History, also scheduled for FY95. 



Several studies continued ISO efforts to understand the con- 

 gruence berween the intentions of exhibition creators and the 

 responses of the visiting public to exhibitions, as well as to 

 provide profiles of visitors. A Report, Space Fantasy and Social 

 Reality: A Study of the Star Trek Exhibition at the National Air 

 and Space Museum (Report 93—6), was based on data collected 

 at NASM's Star Trek exhibition. The study provides pre- 

 viously unavailable information about the characteristics, 

 attitudes and behaviors of participants in the Star Trek sub- 

 culture. The key ob|ective of The Poutr of Maps: A Study of an 

 Exhibition at the Cooper-Heuitt National Museum of Design (Re- 

 port 93-5) was to assess the extent to which visitors under- 

 stood the exhibition's point of view and the extent to which 

 they were influenced by it. The exhibition sought to 

 demonstrate that depending on their function and purpose, 

 all maps present information selectively, shaping our view of 

 the world and our place in it. When the exhibition was pre- 

 sented at its second venue, the International Gallery in the 

 S. Dillon Ripley Center, the study was replicated and a com- 

 parative analysis is in preparation. 



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