THE HIGHER CRYPTOGAMIA. 35 



the former is much the larger of the two, and the latter 

 has the shape of a segment of a sphere. The latter 

 divides by a longitudinal septum shewn in PL V, fig. 8, which 

 represents the rudimentary fruit extracted entire. Each of 

 the two cells which have a semicircular basal outline is 

 divided after previous expansion in length, by a longitu- 

 dinal septum at right angles to the previous one, and 

 each of the four cells thus formed is divided anew by a 

 transverse septum. The young rudimentary fruit now 

 exhibits four apical cells (cells of the first order). Its 

 growth is carried on by continually repeated division of 

 these cells by means of horizontal septa. 



In the first four interstitial cells thus formed, cell -multipli- 

 cation commences in the direction of their breadth and thick- 

 ness. Each of these cells (whose form is that of the quadrant 

 of a cylinder) divides by a longitudinal septum parallel to 

 the axis of the rudimentary fruit, cutting both the side 

 walls at an angle of 45°; and each of the four new outer 

 cells thereupon divides by a radial longitudinal septum. 

 In the next higher double pair of cells, the cell-multiplica- 

 tion does not proceed any further. Erom thence (going 

 upwards) the division is repeated in the eight outer cells by 

 a longitudinal septum turned towards the free outer surface, 

 and the following division takes place by a radial longi- 

 tudinal septum. By this time the rudimentary fruit has 

 the form of a short club (PI. V, fig. 9). Its upper end, how- 

 ever, soon increases considerably in thickness by divisions 

 which take place in the cells of the apical surface by means 

 of septa inclined outwards from the longitudinal axis of the 

 organ, which divisions alternate with the longitudinal and 

 transverse divisions of these cells. The cells of the apex of 

 the rudimentary fruit exhibit, in consequence, when cut 

 longitudinally, a regular radiate arrangement, which arrange- 

 ment changes, in the lower part of the fruit, into one con- 

 sisting of parallel rows of cells (PI. V, fig. 10). 



About two months after impregnation, the apical cells of the 

 young fruit cease to divide. An active cell-multiplication be- 

 gins instead in almost all its already formed constituent parts. 

 The cells of the upper clavate end, excepting the innermost 



