1846.] on the Western Jumna Canals. 215 



and that the canal may, in my time, be renewed, and that by conducting 

 other waters into it, it may endure for ages. 



" For God has said, from water all things were made. I consequently 

 ordain, that this jungle, in which subsistence is obtained with thirst, be 

 converted into a place of comfort, free from that evil. 



" Consequently, in the year of the Hijra 977, my Farman, bright as the 

 sun, and obeyed by all the world, went forth ; that the waters of the nalas 

 and streams at the foot of the hills at Khizrabad(e), which are collected 

 in the Sonb river and flow into the Jumna, be brought by a canal, deep 

 and wide, by the help of bunds, &c. into the Chitang Naddi, which is 

 distant from that place about one hundred kos(/), and that the canal be 

 excavated deeper and wider than formerly, so that all the waters may be 

 available at the above mentioned cities, (Hansi and Hissar) by the 

 year 978. 



" Behold the power of God, how he brings to life land that was dead(^). 



" Truly a canal is opened, and from the source to the mouth, although 

 the zamindars and cultivators take by cuts abundance for their crops, 

 it is still sufficient to meet the demand. 



" Because this canal was renewed for the sake of my beloved son, in 

 compliment to him, whom, in his childhood, I call Shekho, and because 

 in Hindustani a canal is called Nat, I have called this canal the Shaikh 

 Nai(h). 



" And whereas Muhamad Khan Tar khan was superintendent of this 

 work from first to last, I have conferred upon him the office and title of 

 Mir-ab. 



[Here follows a flourish of the writer of the Sanad.] 



" The following verses have arisen from the ocean of my heart to the 

 shores of my lips : 



" Muhamad Akbar Ghazi Jalaluddin. 



" He is the king of this age, and equal to king Jamshaid. 



(e) Khizrabad, a Sikh town near the debouchement of the Jumna from the Hills, 

 and the present Delhi Canal head. 



(/) Dhatrat, where the present canal joins the Chitang, is by the line of the banks 

 about 130 miles (pretty exactly 100 kos of the country) from Khizrabad. 



(g) God sendeth down water from Heaven, and causeth the Earth to revive, after 

 it hath been dead. — Sale's Kordn y Ch. XVI. 



{h) This title appears to have been very short lived. 1 am not aware that the word 

 Nai is now applied in this sense in any of our canal districts, but 1 learn that it is the 

 Panjabf corruption of Naddi, and is commonly applied by the Sikhs to a river or water- 

 course. The valley of the Ghagar is called Naili. 



