742 Capt. Herbert's Tour from Almorah, fyc [No. 153. 



Kutsaree* stream. No rock visible, but one which seems to be a 

 gneiss of very flat laminar structure. In this glen appear some strata 

 dipping to W. N. W. at a low angle (30°) quartz rock. We have 

 in this valley a fine section of the bank, exhibiting distinctly the man- 

 ner in which these level pieces are formed. Three strata appear dis- 

 tinctly marked, perfectly parallel to the present surface. The lowest 

 consists chiefly of very coarse gravel. The second is a fine silt or 

 mud, with scarcely any gravel. The third, or uppermost, is like the 

 first, but the gravel rather smaller, and more earthy towards the top. 

 These three divisions are most distinctly marked. 



Wth Nov — Camp above Jynta, ascent to lateral ridge, path good 

 and easy. Then along face of ridge with a view of the Ram- 

 gunga, and that most beautiful flat in its bed nearly 10 milest in 

 length, cultivated every inch of it. Opposite appears Nythana fort, it 

 bore 5° S. E. from the top of the ridge. Mica slate is the rock all 

 the way to the top of the ridge. A patch of the gneiss found near Al- 

 mora, and on the road from Dooara Hath to Palee then occurs. Day 

 cloudy. 4 p. m. 24.835, 65.5, 58, 50. 



27 th Nov.— To Goorja Chowra below Ooperara 3| hours, about 

 10 miles. On starting, accompanied by gneiss. Path good, oblique, 

 ascent along gentle slopes thinly covered with Cheer pines. Sum- 

 mit of the ridge,J a fine level piece, picturesque spot for a house, 

 water close, with plenty of fine timber. Descend obliquely along 

 smooth grassy hills, excellent road winding round a glen. Pass a 

 village just established (last rains,) cross over a low ridge, and 

 come down upon Ooperara. This part not so picturesque, or path so 

 good. Every where gneiss. Descend from Ooperara to the Bino 

 path better gneiss, but of a different type, small grained, grey and ap- 

 proaching to mica slate. Encamp on bank of river, which here re- 



* The Kutsaree valley, six miles long, and from half a mile to nearly a mile in 

 breadth, joins the Ramgunga from the north at Gunnai. It is beautifully cultivated, 

 and the surrounding mountains yield the best iron ore (chiefly red haematite,) in 

 the province, and here are the most extensive iron mines.— J. H. B 



t This part of the Ramgunga valley is the richest portion of Kumaon, and forms 

 with other fertile tracks, the pergunnah of Palee.— J. H. B. 



I This ridge is called Jowrasee and Doorga Dhee, and would be the finest position 

 for a large town in the whole hills.— J. H. B. 



