872 Geographical Notice bf the Valley of Julluhbad* [No. 155. 



On the North of Nungnihar lie the countries of Noorgul, Kooner, 

 Chughurserai, Bajore, Kashgar, &c. ; on the West, Lughman and 

 the Ghilzie country ; on the South, Bungish and Koorum ; and East 

 He the Khyber and Upper Momund country, 



History. 



1. As far back as a. d. 977, we find that Mingnihar was the scene of 



contention between Sabuctagi the Tartar, who assumed the 

 1S ° ry * title of Nasir-ood-deen, and Jaipal the Brahmin Prince. His- 

 tory mentions that their armies came in sight of each other on the con- 

 fines of Lungan now called Lughraan ; and the present village of 

 Futteh-i-abad is said to mark the spot where a victory was gained by 

 Subuctagi over the Hindoo Prince; his subsequent defeat and impri- 

 sonment took place at Peshawur. 



2. Sooltan Babur in his memoirs, thus mentions Nungnihar, in 

 the year a. d. 1504: — 



" Nungnihar," he says, " in many histories is written Nekerhar. The 

 residence of the Darogha or Commandant of this district is Adinapur. 

 Nungnihar lies on the East of Cabul, thirteen farsangs of very diffi- 

 cult road. In three or four places there are some very short kottits, 

 or steep hill Passes, and in two or three places there are narrows or 

 straits. The Khiralchi and other robber Afghan tribes infest this road 

 with their depredations ; there was no population along this road until 

 I settled Kuratur below the Kurruksai, which rendered the road safe. 

 The gurmsil (or region of warm temperature,) is divided from the sersil 

 (or region of cold temperature,) only by the steep Pass of Badam Ches- 

 meh. Snow falls on the Cabul side of this Pass, but not on the Ku- 

 ruksai and Lamghanat side; the moment you descend this hill Pass 

 you see quite another world. Its timber is different; its grains are of 

 another sort; its animals of a different species, and the manners and 

 customs of the inhabitants are of a different kind. Nungnihar has 

 nine streams. Its rice and wheat are excellent ; oranges, citron, and 

 pomegranates are very abundant, and of good quality. Opposite to 

 the fort of Adinapoor to the south on a rising ground, I formed a 

 Char Bagh (a great garden,) in the year 914, a> d. 1508. It is called 

 Bagh Vafa (the garden of fidelity,) It overlooks the river which flows 

 between the fort and the palace. In the year in which I defeated 



