986 Notes, chiefly Geological, across the Peninsula [No. 156. 



tinue to Hydrabad, and 48 miles to the N. W. of that city to the 

 village of Moonopilly, on the Beder, where they are covered by the 

 great overlying trap formation. 



Most of the rocks about Hydrabad are of granite, that of Moeb 

 Ally is of the laminar variety, often approximating to gneiss. The rock 

 on which stands the celebrated fortress of Golconda, rises in the 

 centre of the Valley of the Moossi, about 6 or 7 miles westerly from 

 Hydrabad, and is composed of a granite with reddish felspar, trans- 

 lucent quartz, with dull dark green mica, and a few crystals of horn- 

 blende. Of this granite, which resembles that of Syene, the domes 

 and outer walls of the Mausolea of the old Golconda kings are built. 

 Through this royal cemetery runs a dyke of a dark crystaline green- 

 stone, nearly E. and W., which is probably identical, from its direction, 

 with a dyke observed 6 miles west of this, between the British resi- 

 dency and the great tank of Hussain Saugur. The rocks of the dyke 

 bear evident marks of the chisel ; and no doubt furnished material for 

 the sepulchres of the Golconda kings, which are constructed of this, 

 or an exactly similar greenstone exquisitely polished. 



From Golconda the road towards Beder lies, for the few first miles, 

 over the low granitic ridges which form the northern side of the 

 Valley of the Moossi, to Lingumpilly, near which the ridge gently 

 sinks into an undulating plain. Between this village, and that of 

 Puttuncherroo, which is situate about 18 miles W. by N. from Hy- 

 drabad, the face of the country has a gentle N. W. declination towards 

 the bed of the Mangera. Granitic rocks constitute its basis as far as 

 Cummumpilly about 50 miles W. N. W. from Hydrabad. The granite 

 is both of the small grained, red felspathic variety, and large grained. 

 Both varieties are met with at Kundi, and Moonopilly 48 miles from 

 Hydrabad. The small grained is seen to penetrate the other in 

 sinuous veins. There is also a third variety, fine grained, containing 

 much quartz and imbedded nests of a dark steel coloured mica. Veins 

 of reddish felspar with actynolite, and a little quartz also are seen. Both 

 granite and gneiss, and the veins by which they are intersected, are 

 penetrated by dykes of basaltic greenstone ; the largest dykes observed 

 were east of Puttuncherroo; a little W. of Lingumpilly and Moo- 

 tinghi : — also at Sedashipett, and Yernanpilly. The Mootinghi dyke 

 runs nearly N. and S., the rest preserve an Easterly and Westerly 



