1844.] from Masuiipatam to Goa. 999 



with heavy hammers ; and the third time to form it into bars, and 

 other forms convenient for agricultural implements ; which are sent to 

 Gulbergah, and Calliany. These markets are also supplied with iron 

 from Mogumpilly in the Koil Talook. The ore, which is in the form 

 of nodules, often exhibits, on fractured surfaces, stripes of haematic red 

 earthy ore, alternating with others of a metallic iron blue. It is sold 

 by the people who collect it to the iron contractor on the spot at the 

 rate of 3 J Hydrabad rupees the Kucha maund of 12 seers. 



Lithologic character of the Firozabad limestone and Traps. — The 

 denuded limestone, in lithologic character, closely resembles that of 

 Kuddapah, Kumool, Warapilly and Talicota, no fossils were found 

 in it. The prevailing tint is a greyish blue, strings of small spherical 

 cavities occur in it as in the limestones just alluded to, some empty, 

 others filled with a brown ferruginous dust. 



The trap has often a porphyritic structure, imbedding crystals of 

 a dull olive green mineral, which in disintegration assume a greenish- 

 brown tinge, and finally fall out, leaving cavities in the rock. They 

 are not unlike some varieties of olivine, a mineral occasionally seen in 

 this trap ; a great development of kunker is observed in its fissures 

 previous to coming on the outcropping of the limestone. 



The Bhima River. — The Bhima is about 600 yards in apparent 

 breadth at Firozabad, its temp. 78° Faht. temp, of air 90°. Approxi- 

 mate height of bed above sea by boiling point 1730 ft. The waters 

 were swollen and muddy from the Monsoon rains (June) and running 

 at the rate of 2\ feet per second. A tumblerful of the water deposit- 

 ed about i* its bulk of a fine reddish brown sediment, which efferves- 

 ced with dilute sulphuric acid, evidently the debris of the trap, amyg- 

 daloids and limestone rocks, over which it passes. The banks are 

 shelving, and composed of the laminar greyish blue laminar limestone 

 covered with silt and regur, and their surface strewed to a considerable 

 distance on either side with rolled fragments of agates, calcedonies 

 &c. marking the extent of the floods. 



The bed has been hollowed in the limestone, exposing shelving sur- 

 faces of the rock, in some places perfectly bare, others covered with silt 

 or a gravel from the size of a pea to that of an egg, fragments of trap, 

 and limestone, calcedonies, jasper, and agates. In consequence of the 



* So in MSS. 



