1847.] On Various Genera of the Ruminants. 691 



Their females gestate 8 months and produce young in winter, occa- 

 sionally so early as the end of October, and one at a birth. In con- 

 finement the horns are usually dropt in April and take six months 

 for their perfect replacement. The horns are not complete in form till 

 the 4th year nor in size till the 8th year. Small gut 52 feet. Large 

 31. Ccecum 15 inches by 4 J. 



5. Genus Axis. 



Chittal. Chittra-chittri. 



Horns in males only, with one basal and one subterminal snag, as in 

 Rusa, but the beam more bent and the horns paler and smoother, and 

 closer grained in structure, 



Mufle large, covering front of upper lip. 



Eye-pits large, very mobile. 



Feet-pits large, in hind feet only. 



Groin gland large ; sinus vague. 



Calcic gland and tuft, posteal and external. 



Teats four. 



Canines in males only. 



Types, 1, Axis major vel maculata vel nudipalpebra, or common 

 spotted Deer or Chittal. 2, Axis ; medius or lesser spotted Deer or 

 Jhow Laghuna. 3, Axis porcinus vel niger, or Hog Deer, or Para, 

 or Khar Laghuna, or Sugoria. 



Habitat, general over the plains of India, whence the progress of 

 cultivation has long since driven the larger Deer or Barah Sinhas and 

 Rusas and Gowers (recte Gonr). These animals have a smooth, gener- 

 ally spotted, coat, no mane, and a long tail reaching to the hock and 

 ending in a point. It is singular that H. Smith should question their 

 having eye-pits and canine teeth. 



The Spotted Deer are gregarious, the herds being often very large : 

 the Hog Deer are less so, dwelling more in families. Their breeding 

 season is May, June : their rutting season, December, January. They 

 gestate 6 months. Intestines of lesser spotted species 65^ feet, where- 

 of the small are 40 and the great 2o\. Ccecum 9£ inches by 3^, and 

 5 inches of gut below it, of same calibre ; rest equal and narrow. 

 Intestines of Hog Deer 41^ feet, whereof the lesser are 24^ and the 

 larger 1 6f . Ccecum 8^ inches by 2f . They rut and breed like the 

 spotted species. 



