184/.] On Various Genera of the Ruminants. 699 



them off again under the guidance of an old male whom they all follow 

 blindly. The rutting season is the winter. The females gestate 6 

 months and produce usually but one young, in the months of June, 

 July. The habitat and manners of the wild sheep are very similar to 

 those of the Jharals, only the latter are still more dauntless and skilful 

 climbers. If they can but touch a rough edge or crevice now and then, 

 they will run up nearly perpendicular precipices of many feet eleva- 

 tion ; and they will stand on a bit of rock not larger than one's palm, 

 looking confidently down over sheer space, with not a shrub to break 

 the awful absence of rest for the foot. In February 1842, a male Jharal 

 in possession of the Court of Nepaul had intercourse with a female 

 Axis, which in July produced a young hybrid of mixed appearance, but 

 more like the mother than the father, and which lived and grew up a fine 

 animal. I saw it last in October 1843. I note the circumstance as a 

 strong corroboration of that affinity of the Hemitrages to the Deer 

 (not Bovines, as Mr. Ogilby supposed) which is indicated by the 4 

 teats and moist muzzle of the former, notwithstanding that the Hemi- 

 trages in all other parts of their structure, as well as in their rank 

 odour and in their manners are such perfect goats. From the true 

 goats however they differ, besides the grand points noted, by the total 

 absence of beard and of feet pores. Nor could I ever get any progeny 

 from the goats by the Jharal,* though my male of the latter species 

 had commerce with Goats of several breeds, repeatedly, during the 6 

 years he lived with me, quite tame and going abroad with the sheep 

 and goats. Small intestines 53 feet. Large, 25=78 feet. Ccecum 1 

 foot long and 2^ inches wide. Small gut f inch in diameter ; great 

 gut 2J. Ccecum simple, that is, not banded nor sacked. 



18. Genus Capra. 

 Bakra Goats. 

 Horns in both sexes. 

 No mufle. 



Feet-pits in the forefeet only or none. 

 No inguinal pores. 

 Mammse two. 

 Odour intense in males. 

 Calcic tufts none. 



* They copulated freely and I was told would breed. Hence the erroneous statement 

 in the Journal for Sept. 1835, disproved by experiments. 



