184/.] Glaciers of the 'Pindar and Kuphinee Rivers. 795 



As there is probably nothing specially worthy of note in these indivi- 

 dual Glaciers, I wish to explain, that my object being to show that 

 these phenomena exist in the Himalaya, under forms apparently iden- 

 tical with those observed in the Alps, it has been necessary that I 

 should enter into details, which under other circumstances wonld have 

 been superfluous. As these are the first Glaciers that I have ever seen, 

 it is right to add, that I am only acquainted with those of the Alps, 

 through the medium of Professor Forbes' s accounts, and that as I lay 

 no claim to originality, I have not scrupled to adopt freely the ideas, 

 and perhaps expressions, of a person so infinitely better acquainted with 

 these phenomena than I can be. To guard against mistakes I would 

 also mention, that these Glaciers were selected for examination only on 

 account of their accessibility, and that consequently no inferences should 

 be drawn from them, of the general extent of Glaciers in the Himalaya. 



The Pindur rivei (vide accompanying map,) is the most easterly tribu- 

 tary of the Bhagiruttee, or that stream of the Ganges that issues into 

 the plains of India at Hurdwar. It rises from the south side of one of 

 the great snowy ranges of the Himalaya, which contains the cluster 

 of Peaks, (No. 10 to 15 of the Indian Atlas, sheet No. 66,) of which 

 Nunda Devee* is the centre. At the head of the Pindur is one of the 

 Glaciers I am about to describe ; the other gives rise to the Kuphinee, 

 the first considerable affluent of the Pindur. 



The Pindur and Kuphinee, rising on opposite sides of the Peak called 

 Nunda Kot, unite about 7 miles south of it. A small tolerably level 

 space between them close to their confluence, is called Diwalee. The 

 lower end of the Glacier of the Pindur is about 8 miles, and that of 

 the Glacier of the Kuphinee about 6 miles above this place. 



* The heights of these peaks are as follows : 

 No. 10 15805 English feet. 



11 



20758 



12 



23531 



13 



22385 



14 



25741 



15 



22491 



I 



Vide Asiatic Researches, 

 Vol. XIII. p. 306. 



J 



No. 14, which I call " Nunda Deuce," is the " Jowahir" of the Maps. " Jowahir" or 

 more correctly " J war" or " Joohar," is the name of a district ( Purgunnah) which con- 

 sists of the upper part of the valley of the Goree River. Nunda Deveeis on the boundary 

 of this district, and has been erroneously named after it in many maps, the word " Joohar" 

 being never applied to designate this particular peak, though the portion of the range in 

 which it is, has undoubtedly been called the mountains of Joohar. 



5 L 



