184/.] Glaciers of the Pindur and Kuphinee Rivers. 807 



giruttee or Ganges, the other at that of the Goree, which is one of the 

 main feeders of the Kalee or Gogra. The first extract is from a journal, 

 by Capt. Hodgson, of a visit to the source of the Ganges, in the year 

 1817. (Asiatic Researches, No. XIV. Qu. pp. 117—128. Capt. 

 Hodgson thus describes the first appearance of the glacier from which 

 the rivers rises. 



"The Bhagiruttee or Ganges issues from under a very low arch 

 at the foot of the grand snow-bed," — " over the debouche the mass 

 of snow is perfectly perpendicular, and from the bed of the stream 

 to the summit we estimate the thickness at little less than 300 feet 

 of solid frozen snow, probably the accumulation of ages ; — it is in 

 layers of some feet thick, each seemingly the remains of a fall of a 

 separate year. The height of the arch of snow is only sufficient to let 

 the stream flow under it." 



He ascends the glacier — " This vast collection of snow is about 1| 

 miles in width, filling up the whole space between the feet of the peaks 

 to the right and left ; we can see its surface forward to the extent of 

 4 or 5 miles or more" — " general acclivity 7°, but we pass small hol- 

 lows in the snow caused by its irregular subsiding ; a very dangerous 

 place, the snow stuck full of rubbish and rocks imbedded in it. Many 

 rents in the snow appear to have been recently made, their sides shrink- 

 ing and falling in." " Ponds of water form in the bottom of these." 



" It was remarked above, that the snow of the great bed was stuck, 

 as it were, with rock and rubbish, in such a manner, as that the stones 

 and large pieces of rock are supported in the snow and sink as it sinks ; 

 as they are at such a distance from the peaks as to preclude the idea 

 that they could have rolled down to their present places, except their 

 sharp points had been covered, it appears most likely" that they 

 came down like snow balls with avalanches. "It is not easy to account 

 for the deep rents which intersect this snow-bed, without supposing it 

 to be full of hollow places." The source of the Ganges is stated by 

 Capt. Hodgson to be 12,914 feet above the sea. 



The next is an extract from a journal of Lieut. Weller, printed as a 

 note to a journal of Capt. Manson's, Journal Asiatic Society, No. 132. 



" I went to see the source of the Goree river, about a mile N. W. 

 from Milum. The river comes out in a small but impetuous stream, 

 at the foot of apparently a mass of dirt and gravel some 300 feet high, 



