1140 Observations on the Language of the Goands. [Nov. 



black, light pink, and dark red coloured crystals occur as well as 

 combinations of mica with quartz. 



The schistose formations rest on the granitic : which last rocks have 

 been made use of in the cynocephali, seen in the vicinity and lower 

 down in the valley. These granitic rocks rise in elevations from 600 

 to 700 ft. above the surface of the valleys. They are overlaid toward 

 the summit, by a layer of micaceous quartz containing a few emerald 

 crystals : immediately over which is a kind of (argillaceous ?) schist, 

 whose super-crust is strongly ferruginous. A large mass of calcined 

 iron stone indicates the ancient working of this bed for iron ore ; which, 

 probably, furnished the material for the tools of the workmen. * 



The mining district is confined to the hills which are enclosed 

 in the basin of Wadi Sakeyt ; and which are much lower than the 

 high mural ridges forming the sides of the basin, and are of an irre* 

 gular conical shape. They present parallel bands and waving lines of 

 reddish quartzose matter and dark brown schists. The section of the 

 hill over the temple presents, — in its lower portions — friable micaceous 

 schists coloured with partial scales of iron ore ; and covered with . a 

 tabular and highly sonorous bed of whitish brown quartz in parallel 

 waved bands indicating volcanic or plutonic disturbance. There are 

 no fissures in the curves. 



Farther up the Wadi, rise hills of laminar talc with brown argilla- 

 ceous layers : then mica schists of various colours, with crystallized 

 garnet and quartz in needles. The highest summits appear to be of 

 granite. The emerald is met with in the quartz debris of former mines, 

 and occurs in crystals of a light bluish green attached to the quartz 

 in mica schist. 



Observations on the Language of the Goands, and the identity of many 

 of its terms with words now in use in the Telugu, Tamil and Cana- 

 rese. By Walter Elliott, Esq., C. S., Madras. 



A paper by Dr. Manger, on the language of the Goands, in the 

 March No. of the Journal, offers some interesting grounds for ethnolo- 



* From the Cynocephali the Greek inscription and the Christian emblems found here 

 it would appear that the mines have been worked from the era of the Pharoahs down to 

 early Christian times.— T. J. N. 



