1192 Hiuan Thsang's Itinerary. [Dec. 



sud, mont A lou nao. Royaume de Tsao kiu j&'xl) 



t/io ; mont Sse na sse lo (Sse na, nomdim Deva). <^rOV 



Au nord-ouest de la ville royale a 200 li les gran- 

 des montagnes de la Neige : la etait l'ancien 

 royaume de Kian tha lo. Au sud-ouest de la IjUtiir 



meme ville, le mont Pi lo so lo (solide comme un JJJ^i 



elephant). De la au nord, le Kia Ian Pi to kie'i ou ^isH 



de l'alisier mordu. 



Kia pi che. Clearly Kabul ; why £ is substituted for J is a ques- 

 tion determinable probably by Chinese orthography.* The particulars 

 mentioned of this place are not so clear. Sipitofalasse may be Estalif, 

 a well known town to the north of Kabul. Mont Alounao, has an 

 appearance of Aornus, and would almost point to the assistance of 

 European writers in this Chinese Geography ; or, it may be an attempt 

 to transcribe Lulundur j^ili. Tsao kiu tho isLhogurd ; thej^ Lho 

 having been read y*Z Tso. 



Kian thalo. — 200 li to the north-west, would point to the direction 

 of modern Kundahar — here designated the ancient location of the tribe ; 

 thus proving the knowledge of the existence of two places of the name. 



Pi lo so lo — Clearly Peelzoor, as interpreted ;f which may be a Per- 

 sian name for the celebrated defiles called in Arabic Khuebur ; or may 

 have a reference to Bajoor — or Khord Kabul. Hardly a Peak in these 

 countries is without a name. 



Pi to kieu. I suspect Butkhakh. 



De la a Test, a 600 li, paries defiles impratica- 

 bles des Pics noirs, ou vient a la frontiere de 

 Tlnde du nord, et a 



36. Lan pho, — adosse au pics noirs. i^U*./ 



Lan pho. Lumghan ; we shall find £ gh constantly transcribed as 

 o ph. 



De la au sud est, a 100 li passant la grande 

 chaine and traversant le grand fleuve ou vient a 



* Identified by Lassen with the Capissa of Pliny, the Katriffa of Ptolemy. It is plac- 

 ed by the latter two degrees and a half North of Kabura, otherwise called Ortospana. 

 In the former word we have the probable etymolog'y of the modern Kabul ; the latter 

 Wilson coirjecturally amends to Ortostana, in Sanskrit Urddhastana, ' the hig'h place,' in 

 reference to the elevated plain on which Kabul is situated. See Ariana antiqua, 

 p. 176.— Eds. 



t f%^ pilla -^w sdra agrees better with the Chinese transcript ; ' strong- as an 



elephant.'— Eds. 



