1 ] 94 Hi nan Thsa?u/s Itinerary. [Dec 



lieu de la naissance de Termite Pho ni ni fonda- 

 teur de la musique. 



Kian tolo. This is the Ghundara of the Sanskrit, the Kundara 

 Gandaridee of Strabo, and other ancient Greek Geographers. We find 

 it constantly mentioned in the history of Cashmeer, as a neighbouring 

 country at war or at peace with Cashmeer ; we have a notice of it in the 

 Ayeen Akbaree, Vol. ii. p. 151, in the days of the first Moslem con_ 

 quests ; Seenuhdeo being the last Hindu king of Cashmeer. In the 

 Ayeen Akbaree it forms the district of Puckely, lying between Cash- 

 meer and Utok ; on the north, Suwad and Bajoor. The modern 

 districts of Peishawur constitutes a portion of what formed the Kun- 

 dhara district. The Ayeen Akbaree says, " Tooman Bekram, commonly 

 called Peeshore, enjoys a delightful climate. Here is a temple called 

 Gorekehtary, a place of religious resort particularly for Jowgies." But 

 in the Geographical tables we have Persh&wuv ^ ^~*j* commonly called 

 Peeshawur. And so I find in most copies, the word to be Pershawur 

 called Begram, with the r. We have also the high range called Purush- 

 nath, at no great distance. Kundhara is also enumerated long east of 

 Ghuznee, while a former one has been alluded to though not placed, in 

 " Muemund, now a dependent on Kundahar," — the modern city. A 

 difference of longitude of 26 degrees exists thus between the two 

 places of the same names. 



In Pou lou chu poulo ; with the interchange of f for w we have 

 clearly Pershawur.* 



At 150 li S. E. or 50 miles, Outo kia han tchha — Utok ; 



something to correspond with the usual discriminative " Benanis" com- 

 monly added to Utok ; may be Gunj or Khan Surae. That this identi- 

 fication is correct, is proved by the next word, Pho lo tou lo, clearly 

 the ruins placed a few miles S. W. as " Pertore ruins," on our maps ; 

 one simple proof superior to an accumulation of several weaker points 

 of evidence. 



De la passant au nord les montagnes and les 

 riveres a 600 li on vient a 



.39. On, tchang na (Oudyana) (Jardin) limite *JUj! u) [ *'l 



de l'lnde du nord. Capitale Meng Ho li. j^Ki* Ailijf 



* It is more probably the Chinese transcript of Purushapura, a name common in the 

 Pur anas. Akber is said to have built, or improved this town and to have imposed its pre- 

 sent name, Peshawur, in reference to its position on the frontiers.— Eds. 



