500 Notes, chiefly Geological, [No. 163. 



foot overlooked by lofty pagodas, — form an interesting study for the 

 pencil. The surface of the plain is covered with a reddish sandy soil. 

 The old boundary of the Tamul and Telinghi kingdoms, the Andra and 

 Dravida-des, is in this vicinity. 



Curcumbaddy^ From Tripati to Curcumbaddy the road skirts the 

 southern flank of the Tripati hills in an E.N.E. direction to Cur- 

 cumbaddy. The rocks in the immediate vicinity of Curcumbaddy are 

 of a crystalline sandstone passing into quartz rock of a white or 

 slightly green hue, radiated with red bands. 



Baulpilly. From Curcumbaddy the road at first lies over a short 

 table-land, and then descends into the valley of Baulpilly, bounded to the 

 E. and W. by two ranges of hills. The face of the country is covered 

 with a thicket abounding with bamboos. The soil is red, but darker and 

 softer, from the admixture of argillaceous and calcareous matter, than that 

 hitherto seen : it contains vegetable matter mingled with the alluvium. 

 Bajra, raggi, and culti are cultivated with success. The formation 

 consists of sandstone less quartzose than that of Curcumbaddy, and 

 of the argillaceous shales into which the Cuddapah limestone passes. 

 The lines of cleavage in the latter are nearly vertical, and almost at 

 right angles with those of stratification ; but I did not observe them 

 passing into the structure of the sandstone. This may be seen near 

 the rude barrier gate of the Baulpilly Pass. The softer shales are 

 usually found in the lower parts of the valley, and the sandstone cap- 

 ping these summits of the hills. Dykes of basaltic greenstone occur 

 traversing the shales and slates ; also veins of quartz. Fragments of 

 flinty slate, chert, and jasper are frequent. The surrounding country 

 is wild and romantic. 



Codoor. The road passes partly through a bamboo jungle up the 

 centre of the Baulpilly valley in a north-westerly direction to Codoor, 

 a small village in the Cuddapah collectorate, 108 miles travelling dis- 

 tance N.W. from Madras. Here the hills on either side open out 

 into a delightful plain watered by the Gungama, and smiling with culti- 

 vation, principally of bajra, raggi, culti, and indigo. The Pass of 

 Baulpilly leads over a rocky belt that stretches across the valley, and 

 forms an anticlinal line, from which the Gungama and a branch of the 

 Calastry river flow in contrary directions; the first towards the N.W. 

 to the Pennaur, and the latter towards the S.E. by Calastry. The 



