1845.] across the Peninsula of Southern India. 511 



Veins of calcareous spar and quartz intersect both rocks ; the former 

 also occurs in filbert-sized nodules in the looser varieties of the sandstone. 

 The strata dip at an angle of 10° from the granite towards the E. The 

 direction of the sandstone ranges is S. 45° E. The surface of the lime- 

 stone is grooved with furrows, which have a generally south-westerly- 

 direction. This surface is uneven, unlike the regular polished surfaces 

 formed by glaciers. 



Crossing the plain towards the granite, the fragments become more 

 quartzy, and at the base of the nearest granite hill runs a belt of a pale 

 reddish jaspideous rock in an E. 10° S. direction, penetrated by numerous 

 quartz veins. Large beds of quartz occur also in the granite, and are 

 often seen between this and Gooty to form entire hills. The limestone 

 and sandstone terminate in a small hill on the left of the road, a little 

 to the east of Yairypully, about nine miles E. from Gooty. The pebbles 

 of the conglomerate have not been transported from any great distance ; 

 the angular ones appear to have once formed part of the jaspery and 

 chert veins, which traverse the limestone; and the rounded pebbles have 

 probably been carried by the stream from the adjacent hills. Their 

 course may also account for the furrows just alluded to, on the surface 

 of the limestone, on the summits of those hills which have not been 

 capped by the conglomerate. 



Gooty. The limestone and sandstone formation is now taken leave 

 of. From the village of Yairypully, about nine miles east from Gooty, 

 nothing but granitic trap and quartz rocks, associated with gneiss and 

 hornblende schist, present themselves ; the latter form several picturesque 

 peaks to the left of the road. The rock of Gooty is a vast precipitous 

 mass of a sienitic granite, composed principally of reddish felspar 

 quartz, a little mica, hornblende, and actynolite. The actynolite occurs 

 with felspar in thin veins of a lively green, or in drusy surface crystals. 

 At its base, gneiss occurs with beds of a brilliant hornblede schist, dip- 

 ping at an angle of 62° from the hill, i. e. to the west. This schistous 

 bed forms the rising ground on which the Idgah stands : it is penetrated 

 by quartz and granitic veins, which I was unable to trace to the main 

 rock. It imbeds nests and drusy crystals of actynolite. Dykes of 

 basaltic greenstone are numerous. 



Height of Gooty plain and rock. The approximative height above the 

 sea by the boiling point of water of the plain at the base of the Gooty 



4 A 



