1845.] On the Buddhist Emblem of Architecture. 637 



towards the upper angle of a porch, or gateway. This signification, 

 then, which I have thus accorded to the Rose, of typifying " supre- 

 macy and perfection, chiefdom and eminence," is one that must find a 

 confirmation in every intelligent mind. There is a curious passage in 

 the second book of the " Erotics" of Achilles Tatius, describing the 

 loves of Clitophon and Leucippe, which happily supports my views — 

 u rolq avOeaiv tiOzXev o Ztvg kiriQuvai fiaaiXia, to poSov av 

 twv avOetov sj^aaiXsve. yrjg ecrrl k6(J/lioq 9 <J>vtiov ayXaiafia, o(j>9aX- 

 (jiog avOsujv, Xzi/mwvog kpvQy]fia 9 KaXXog acrrpairTov, 'spiOTog 

 icvku, A'typodiTiqv Trpo^evei, sveiSegi <j>vXXoig Kopa, svKivriroig 

 ireraXoig rpv<j>a, to 7rlraXov tio lefyvpi*) ysXa. » If Jove were 

 desirous of placing a lord over the parterre, surely the Rose would king 

 it among flowers. It is the ornament of the earth, the beauty of 

 plants, the beloved (literally, the eye) of flowers, the blush of the mea- 

 dow, dazzling in its loveliness. It breathes Love, it invites Venus, it is 

 tressed in beautiful leaves; it luxuriates midst the trembling foliage, 

 and its petals laugh in the zephyr." 



I have already remarked, that this Rose (fig. 1. "a.") (which it 

 will be particularly noticed is meant for a wild or dog Rose) was 

 found in a position that left no doubt of its being typical of supre- 

 macy ; for it is placed (characteristically) over the head of a figure 

 holding the umbrella, an insignia of royalty and supremacy, among 

 all nations under the sun, (or more correctly perhaps in proportion 

 as they were under sun) and crowned likewise with the tiara of 

 chiefdom, the prototype of that which we find adorning the head of 

 images of Siva, and of which a representative has descended to the 

 present day, and is used in theatrical performances in Burmah and 

 Arracan, as the head covering of kings and princes. Thus the whole 

 figure may be read, 1st, from the insignia in its possession to have been 

 a royal personage ; 2ndly, to have been a Boodhithatwa, from the Rose 

 typical of that grade being placed characteristically over its head. It is 

 thu« I consider it to be meant for a representation of Gaudama when he 

 was on this earth, but previous to his being imbued with the Boodhic 

 spell. This mode of placing an object over a figure to characterise it, 

 is found abundantly in antient Sculptury. Thus we see the five- rayed 



