1845.] Account of the Pan jkor a Valley. 815 



From Oosheeree further to the north they have a measure called uganee, 

 equal in weight to three charaks of Panjkora, (five Panjkora seers, four 

 Cabool seers). Animals, sheep, buffaloes, &c. are plentiful and cheap. 



In Koonahteer they make yellow soap of oil, where they are all oil 

 pressers. The whole Nobistan as far as Hujkoom is supplied from this. 



Panjkora is in length four stages, and in breadth one stage. There 

 are four iron mines, and three of antimony, (white, red, and black). 



From Maidan valley to the west, is the road to Bajour. From Barrah- 

 wal there is another. From Oosheeree to the east is a road to Swat ; 

 from Karoo Darrah to the east, is a road to Swat; from Timurgalah 

 and Katgalah via Talesh to the south-east, is the road to Ashnaghar 

 and Peshawar, a gun- road, the only one into Panjkora. Sultan Maham- 

 mad Khan has several times been in it. 



Talash is a district of the Goosafzais included in Panjkora, but with- 

 out the valley, it is very fertile, grain being often exported thence to 

 Peshawar. There are remains of buildings like towers, in which are 

 stones of a cubit length, on which are Greek (?) characters. 



The following are the villages of Talash ; — Bagh, Shaha khels, Ghu- 

 lam Shah ; Shamsee khan, Shaha khels, Shah Afzal khan, Gumbatee, 

 Shaha khels, Shah Afzal khan, Amlook Darah, ryots. 



Muchoo, Noor khels under Ghazan khan ; Bajooroo, Noor and 

 Shahee khels. Shah Afzal khan ; Kamangar ; the inhabitants are all 

 bow-makers, whence the name. 



Deer is the boundary of the snow and rain. 



The river of Panjkora takes its rise at Laspoor, the commencement 

 of the hilly country of Kashkar. 



From Deer to Kashkar, via the Pass of Doobandai, a night is spent in 

 the road. 



Kashkar is an extensive fertile country, to the north of Panjkora, 

 thickly inhabited by a prosperous class of people ; by religion, Sunnee 

 Mahommadans : their nation is called Chatrar. 



There are two Kashkars, upper and lower ; the lower was under Shah 

 Kator ; the upper under Malik A man formerly ; they are now dead, and 

 have been succeeded by their sons, who rule together. They are inde- 

 pendent, having their subjects under such subjection as to sell them 

 like animals. 



5q 



