132 Remains of Greek Sculpture in Potowar. [Feb. 



the Plate IV,) a trefoil arch shrining a seated figure, so like many of the 

 Indian idols that I despaired of establishing in other minds my own 

 conviction that this temple was the work of Grecian hands. Another 

 weather-worn basso relievo, which in its present state might easily pass 

 for a Satyr or a Hunoomann, confirmed this fear : but it was dispelled 

 forever when on turning an unpromising block of stone, I found the 

 reverse to be a head of Bacchus or of Alexander in his character of 

 Ammon, (Fig. 1 of the Plate IV.) I cannot express the relief which 

 this afforded me : not as regards my own gradually but firmly established 

 conviction, but on account of the triumphant evidence upon which I 

 give it utterance. 



When Tod's Rajhasthan first issued from the press, I was struck with 

 the resemblance in plan and outline, between the Grecian and Rajpootra 

 temples, and this impression was confirmed as I became more intimate 

 with the architecture of Western India. Still there appeared no possi- 

 ble link of connection between Rajhasthan and Greece ; the intervening 

 tract of India and Afghanisthan exhibiting no proof that the successors 

 of Alexander had introduced their architecture into lands south of the 

 Indian Caucasus ; and the surmises of Tod, appearing to me rather such 

 theories as an enthusiast would desire to establish, than sober structures 

 based upon fact. The architecture of the Bullur and Manikiyala 

 Topes first startled me. The pilasters are manifestly Greek, and belong 

 to an order either borrowed from Greece, or borrowed by Greece from 

 India. The sculptured freestone at Jelum, the ancient Bukephalia (see 

 plate in your late appendix) I at once recognised as Greek. A gentle- 

 man known to your pages for his botanical contributions questioned the 

 fact of the heads of corn therein represented being maize, upon the 

 generally received idea, that maize was first introduced into India by 

 the Portuguese. But it is so manifestly nothing but maize, which is 

 there represented, that if the Portuguese were the introducers of that 

 variety of corn, this sculpture could not be Grecian : and as the style is 

 evidently that of Greece, the sculpture acquires considerable interest 

 from the question depending upon it. 



About a month ago I visited a town called Kala, 4 miles N. W. of 

 Jelum, and found therein a beautifully sculptured column almost pre- 

 cisely similar to some in Rajhasthan (see Plate V). This was dug from 

 the site of Bukephalia by a brahman and transported to a new temple 



