1849.] valley of Asam and its mountain confines. 315 



Of Pronouns. 



Gender has no place in the Khamti personal pronouns, nor do they 

 undergo any variations indicative of case. As far as they are used as 

 substantives, they form the various cases by receiving the prepositions 

 already described as forming this branch of Khamti grammar ; number, 

 in nouns, as we have already remarked, is determined wholly by the 

 context, or by certain circumstances attending the substantive. But as 

 the pronouns, particularly in discourse, are frequently introduced with- 

 out that connexion which could instantaneously enable the hearer 

 to decide, whether one or many were intended, the Khamtis have 

 adopted a mode to determine this independently of the connection ; and 

 in consequence make use of distinct pronominal terms to express the 

 plural number. 



The personal pronouns are 

 Km, I. Hun, We. 



Mzii, thou. Mail su, Ye or you. 



Man, He. Man khau, They. 



The reciprocal pronouns are formed by adding the pronominal 

 adjective Eng, to the personal pronouns, as Zau eng, / myself. Han 

 eng, we ourselves. Mail eng, thou thyself &c. 



The relative pronouns are Fang, and Siing, who ; Sungtz, which ; 

 and Khru, that which. 



The Interrogates are Phau, who ? An naii, which ? Sang, What ? 



The demonstrative pronouns are An raai, this, and An nan, that. 



The simple indefinite pronouns are, Kan phong, some ; Tang, other ; 

 nang wai, such. 



Of Verbs. 



Verbs which have no inflection, can have nothing in them analogous 

 to conjugation as in Greek, Latin and Sanskrit. The various kinds of 

 verbs in Khamti must therefore be denominated wholly from their 

 meaning and signification, as active, passive, neuter, causal, &c. 



In the Indicative Mood the verb is in its simplest state, and uncon- 

 nected with any other to modify its operation. 



Only three tenses can be traced in this language, the Present, the 

 Past, and the Future. In the Present, we have the verb in its simple 

 state, in the Past, a particle is added, denoting completion or fulfil- 



