1849.] Kohistan of the Jullundhur. 367 



houses lately built on the summit of Mulkera hill have any thing but 

 improved the look of the place. The entire management of this vast 

 district of Kangra, extending from the Ravee, where it enters the plains 

 to Spiti, is under the control of two Civilians, a Deputy and an Assist- 

 ant Commissioner ! 



12. The view from the top of the gateway on Mulkera hill is very 

 fine. Immediately below lies a level valley divided by deep torrent 

 beds, and subdivided into fields, each set of the latter having its own 

 hamlet in the centre, embosomed in trees. Rising out of the valley, 

 and to the north appears the fort of Rilloo, peeping out of a dense 

 forest of pines (P. longifolia). To the south-east a low wooded range 

 with a fort* on its highest peak shuts out the elevated plain of Pul- 

 lum. Straight before you, rising aloft, are the rugged peaks of 

 Chumba, topped with snow. Lower down the range a dark belt marks 

 the limits of a long extended forest, f below which again are exten- 

 sive woods of oaks and rhododendrons, and lowest of all sloping into 

 the valley, lies the noble plain of Dhurmsala, with here and there a 

 village shaded by the graceful bamboo or umbrageous mangoe tree. 

 Again, on turning one's back to this charming scenery another equally 

 as novel is spread out before you. The fort and town of Kangra, the 

 village of Doulutpore, and little Hindu temples perched on conspi- 

 cuous peaks first attract your notice ; beyond these are seen the Joala 

 range, with the faint outline of the Jaswun stretching out in the 

 dim distance, and lastly to the westward is a complete chaos of low hills 

 intersected by countless ravines. 



13. To the south-eastward of Bhawun is a very singular natural 

 archway of conglomerate ; its span, 3 feet above the ground, is 23 feet, 

 height 15 feet, and the solid mass above the arch, the crown, is from 3 

 to 4 feet high, and from 2 to 3 feet thick, but this portion I was 

 unable to reach for the purpose of exact measurement. This interest- 

 ing object was discovered whilst strolling about one day in January 

 1847. Passing through the town of Bhawun I went through a few 

 fields and came upon a plot of uncultivated ground strewed over with 

 rubbish and the traditionary sight of one of Aurungzebe's palaces. 



* Pullum Puthan. 



f The Pinus Webbiana, Horse Chesnut and Walnut trees are found in this forest, 

 but no Deodons. 



3 B 



