1850.] in Southern and Central India, 199 



Wednesday, 9th December, 1818. — This morning I walked for some 

 distance by the river side and on the bank above it ; here I found the 

 calc tuff in abundance containing rounded pieces of quartz, &c. exactly 

 similar to those found on the river side. It is more than probable 

 therefore, that these were once enveloped in the same substance, which 

 being decomposed the stones contained in it were either carried down 

 to the river or left on the surface of the limestone ; the stratum of calc 

 tuff must, however, have been of little thickness originally or more of 

 it would have remained. I observed the same on this side of the river 

 (Warripilly), which we crossed this morning in round boats of wicker 

 covered externally with leather, and took possession of a large Caravan- 

 serai or Musjeed. We strolled after to the ruins of a large pagoda 

 built of the limestone and with very large blocks, some of which were 

 10 feet in length; it appeared to be attached to a large palace or 

 building surrounded formerly by an extensive wall : in the pagoda were 

 images of Siva and a lingam : the only information we could obtain 

 from a brahmin respecting it, was that it was built by a Hindu raja 

 many years ago, and was no longer used for worship, having been 

 defiled. All round it were immense masses of the limestone com- 

 pletely denuded of all earthy covering. The walls were built of two 

 solid pieces of stone placed on their edges, leaving a wide intervening 

 space, so that on the outside they appeared 10 or 12 feet thick. 



Thursday, 10th December, 1818. — Quitted Warripilly very early, so 

 that I could not see the termination of the limestone. When we 

 quitted Goonderpour where we breakfasted, I observed large blocks of 

 granite strewed in every direction ; this continued for a considerable 

 distance, perhaps three or four miles, when irregular lumps of a primi- 

 tive greenstone appeared among them ; I perceived the calc tuff in small 

 pieces, but could not ascertain if it existed in any quantity or whether 

 brought there by accident : after a furlong the granite again ; to-day 

 in large masses, in one place an isolated block 20 feet in height and 

 30 in circumference. At this place the Musjeed and part of the 

 fort is built of it. It is of a white colour, a large proportion of felspar 

 and little mica, quartz moderately abounding : I observed no hornblende 

 in it. 



Friday, Wth December, 1818. — I saw by moon-light some precipi- 

 tous rocks of no great height and at a short distance from the road j 



2 d 2 



