1850.] in Southern and Central India. 205 



In the alluvium at the foot of the pass to Chittial, was found a large 

 breccia containing handsome specimens of amethyst quartz accompanied 

 by quartz and cemented together by a silicious sand, strongly impreg- 

 nated with iron. 



Sunday, 24th January, 1819. — I gained the top of the hill after 

 breakfast, and on my way found a considerable quantity of earthy- 

 brown and red ironstone lying scattered in the ravines and in the 

 spaces between the granite rocks, I had no means of judging whether 

 it formerly belonged to any formation such as the iron clay, but it 

 certainly resembled that found in it. 



Monday, 25th January, 1819. — The ranges of hills appear to run 

 principally N. and S. from to the east of north. As I descended I 

 found a substance resembling calc tuff, in quartz, in a ravine, lying 

 on the surface and apparently brought down by the rain from higher 

 ground. I rode to Maidurh and round the hill on which the fort is 

 seated : it resembled very much that of Golcondah : I passed a river 

 running from west to east and some strange tors and loggan stones. 



Tuesday, 26th January, 1819. — The road lay this day through a 

 tolerably rich country, whose soil was of the black argillaceous kind 

 arising from the decomposition of the transition trap : although on 

 advancing, without apparently changing our level we met with the old 

 granitic sandy soil, which is that of Ringumpett ; and in its neighbour- 

 hood, where our tents are pitched, is a large grained granite with very 

 handsome bluish grey felspar. I forgot to observe that the forms of 

 the granitic rocks were more varied than I had yet seen them, forming 

 every description of loggan stone and tors that can be conceived. 



Wednesday, 27th January, 1819. — The soil alternated from the 

 black cotton soil, as it is called, to the sandy granitic, and the only rocks 

 we saw in this extensive plain were granitic in small lumps and masses. 

 As we approached the river Manjira, they were profusely spread on its 

 banks and in the middle of its stream ; here and there in its bed we 

 observed small pieces of calcedony and cornelian. About three miles 

 from our station Ringumpett, I observed a very small-grained reddish 

 granite, much used in the buildings of the village. 



Our station was on the transition greenstone, differing in no respect 

 from that of Tandmanoor, the same black thirsty soil covered with the 

 Poa cynosuroides (Kusa grass), also the Semicarpus anacardium and 



2 E 



