1850.] in Southern and Central India. 207 



mony. The country appears destitute of springs and depends entirely 

 on the rainy season and a few rivers for its supply of water. 



Sunday, 3\st January, 1819. — In the evening I observed in the banks 

 of a small nullah, dry in most parts and containing only a muddy water 

 tasteless of any saline impregnation, an incrustation of carbonate of potash 

 from and apparently by the decomposition of the felspar of the alluvial* 

 granite of which its sides were composed, acidified by the atmosphere. 



Monday, 1st February, 1819. — A short march from Sauhrampett 

 to Bachapilly ; the granite continues to be red and of a small grain ; 

 about half way a vein of greenstone passed the road. After breakfast 

 I ascended the hill which has a fine prospect in a southerly view 

 bounded by a range of hills running east and west ; their outline was 

 rather different from those I have been amongst for some time past, 

 being more peaked, — the Manjira taking a N. W. direction is in the 

 plain between. The mountain or rather hill of Bachapilly is almost 

 insulated and may be seen on all sides at several miles distance although 

 not 200 feet in height. It consists almost entirely of granite in large 

 irregular masses piled one on the other without order. 



Tuesday, 2nd February, 1819. — I left Bachapilly this morning for 

 the river Manjira, its nearest approach being about 4 miles E. S. E. of 

 the hill. The road lay through jungle with heaps of granite at inter- 

 vals in hillocks, and irregularly strewed over the ground ; 2 miles from 

 the encampment the road was crossed by a primitive greenstone vein 

 taking its usual direction. On arriving at the river I found its banks 

 and bed lined and filled with granite : on the right bank the black allu- 

 vium was thirty feet above the level and perfectly horizontal on the top : 

 the bed consisted of granitic sand, a few pieces of calcedony not very 

 frequent, and a few shells of the same species I had previously found 

 on crossing it first. 



I should have observed that I saw magnetic iron sand mixed with 

 the mud on the bank of the river. Also in a stream which emptied 

 itself into the river, a trace of the efflorescence of carbonate of potash. 

 Our encampment is not above the level of the banks of the river, there 

 being no difference in the barometer observed at each place. 



Wednesday, 3rd February, 1819. — The hills have no regular course 

 or direction, one of the proofs of which is that the river runs in the 

 midst of them. 



* So in original : diluvial is probably intended. — Eds. 



2 e 2 



