1850.] in Southern and Central India. 299 



one side of the pass through which the Godavery flows, distant about 

 40 miles. The soil appears very productive but does not contain any 

 carbonate of lime. The hills are covered to their summits with trees 

 and jungle. 



Tuesday ', February 22d, 1820. — After a very fatiguing march through 

 the jungle, in consequence of losing my way, I arrived at Ashwarroopoora. 

 We passed the frontier a short distance before our arrival (1 coss). There 

 I saw numerous pieces of red iron ore, rounded and amorphous, the soil 

 and other appearances generally resembling that of the iron clay. I 

 paid a visit to the Rajah of Paloonshah, who is the owner of the village. 

 I saw a well about 35 feet deep ; the lower 20 feet consisted of a mixture 

 of clay and sand of a whitish and yellow colour, easily friable, and not 

 effervescing with acids, on the one side, and on the other a loose mixture 

 of clay and rounded pebbles of iron stone ; in short the iron clay in the 

 most imperfect and unconnected state. The white clay and sand ap- 

 peared to contain in it some extraneous bodies, but their forms were 

 too undetermined to enable me to guess at their nature. 



Wednesday, February 23d, 1 820. — I rose early to go to the ruins of 

 an ancient village called Polarum, and in my way crossed a nullah which 

 was reported to come from the hills and to run the whole year. The 

 soil appeared generally to be highly capable but covered with jungle. 

 The village we went to visit was a proof of the former extent of 

 cultivation ; even its ruins are covered with jungle. 



Thursday, February 24th, 1820. — In the evening I went to the 

 neighbouring hill, a low range running nearly north and south, and to 

 my surprize found the hill composed of syenitic granite in which the 

 felspar was smallest in proportion, and the hornblende sparingly distri- 

 buted. 



On the surface of several masses I observed hornblende in crystals, the 

 thickness of the jungle prevented me from seeing to any distance round. 

 At the bottom of the hill I observed pieces of the conglomerate sand- 

 stone in abundance but saw no rock visible. 



Merripullee, Friday, February 25th, 1820. — The road was strewed 

 with debris of the syenitic rocks. In one place I observed rounded 

 pebbles resembling those found in the conglomerate ; also pisiform iron 

 ore. About 2 coss from the last village I crossed a small nullah in the 

 bed of which was granite and the sand granite. 



