1850.] Conspectus of the Ornithology of India. 333 



Remark. The N. American Goshawk, A. atricapillus y (Wilson), v. 

 F. regalis, Tern. (PL Col. 495), is regarded by Audubon and lately by 

 Mr. G. R. Gray as identical with the European ; but M. M. Temminck 

 and Schlegel consider them distinct, and Sir W. Jardine thus points out 

 the differences observed by him. "The greatest difference,'' he writes, 

 " between the two birds is in the marking of the breast and under- 

 pays, and is so distinct as to be at once perceived. In the American 

 species, the under-parts are of a uniform pale greyish- white, having 

 the tip and centre of each feather black, forming a dark streak. This 

 extends to those in the centre of the belly, after which it is hardly 

 visible ; every feather in addition is clouded with irregular bars of grey. 

 In the European bird, the markings are in the shape of two decided 

 transverse bars on each feather, with the shaft dark, but not exceeding 

 its own breadth, — each, as a whole, having a very different appearance. 

 The upper parts of the American bird are also of a blue shade, and the 

 markings of the head and auriculars are more decided. Wilson's figure 

 is a most correct representation." Dr. Schlegel remarks, that a third 

 closely affined species inhabits Japan. 



45. A. trivirgatus (PL Col. 303). 



Syn. Falco trivirgatuSy Reinwardt. 

 Astur indicus, Hodgson. 

 A. palumbarius apud Jerdon, Catal. 

 A. cristatus, G. R. Gray. 



Spiza'etus rufitinctus, McClelland, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 153. 

 Gar (' fort' or ' mountain') Bazrci, Mdnik (' esteemed') 

 Bdzrd, Koteswar ( s fort-chieftain'), H. ; Churidli (fre- 

 quenting peaks) Nepal.* 

 Hab. India, Burma, and Malay countries; being confined to the 

 hilly parts. 



Subfam. THRASAETIN^E. 



Genus Spizaetus, Vieillot. 



46. Sp. nipalensis. 



Syn. Nisaetus nipalensis, crested variety, Hodgson, J. A. S. 

 V, 229. 



N.pulcher, ibid., /. A. S. XII, 305. 

 * There is a great similitude of plumage in the species numbered 42 and 45. 



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