_Mi The most ancient Grammar of the Veda. [Jan. 



Vishno I vikramasva kramasvavil kramasvoruru kramasva kramasvoru I 

 undvshayaya-kshayayoru-rukshayaya I kshayaya no na : naskridhi 

 kridhi no naskridhi l kridhiti-kridhi. 



However thoughtless such a repetition might be of itself, it yet 

 possesses the value for us to confirm the text in a measure, that one 

 MS. written in this manner does not leave any doubt (as to the text). 

 The same in fact was also the object of Indian grammar. Never- 

 theless even that simple Krama which is supposed to have for 

 its author Panchala, the son of Babhru, does not appear to have 

 enjoyed an uncontradicted authority. Since the Praticakhya itself 

 rejects other modifications of the Krama, it finds itself under the 

 necessity to defend its own doctrine against the blame of being treated 

 in an injudicious manner. No object, say the antagonists, can be gained 

 by this Krama (Kramana nartha :) it had its foundation on the already 

 existing Sanhita, without them it was impossible, and through them 

 superfluous ; it is also said that it was not traditionally adopted (na 

 crutas.) The Praticakhya however, takes it under its protection against 

 these and all other objections, and exposes its advantages in the follow- 

 ing verses : 



Viparyayac, chastra-samadhi-darcanat, puraprasiddher, ubhayor ana- 

 crayat | 



Samabhyupeyad bahubhic cha sa dhubhi : crutec cha sanmana-kara : 

 Krama 'rthavan u 



3. The Pada-pdtha. Of this the second Praticakhya treats in the 

 fifth Adbyaya, both the others speak of it but occasionally. It has not 

 only the object to dissolved the Sandhi, but also the Pluti, and Nati. 

 Lastly, every Samasa is divided in its parts, and the separation 

 (avagraha) is in the reading equal to one Matra. In this respect it will 

 not be unimportant for the history of the more ancient grammarians 

 to investigate, whether the Padapatha proceeds after the same ideas of 

 Samasa, which Panini gives. The principal effort of this Patha, in 

 general is directed to grammatical analysis, and it has been without 

 doubt the first and most simple explanation of the books of the 

 Vedas, at a time, in which, though the language of the same was still 

 essentially understood ; single laws of sounds had already commenced 

 to change ; the Krama readings on the contrary had in view less to 

 explain than firmly to establish and to secure the texts. 



