1848.] Journal of a trip through Kulu and Ldhul, fyc. 223 



Immediately above this point there is a high conglomerate cliff; 

 and the ravine is even now closed to a height of 400 or 500 feet, by 

 a confused mass of enormous blocks, both of the siliceous rock and of 

 the conglomerate ; but chiefly of the former ; and the stream finds its 

 way unseen beneath this mass of rubbish. This must have been the 

 place were Moorcroft noticed an isolated rock more than 300 feet high 

 so much undermined that it threatened to fall " at no distant period." 

 As there is now no rock answering this description, it must have fallen 

 down not long ago. Immediately below this point however, there still 

 exists the pathway, which runs as described by Moorcroft, for about ten 

 yards between a detached pillar on the edge of the stream and the 

 solid rock, and is only sufficiently wide for the passage of a man on 

 horseback. It is on the right bank of the stream between a conglome- 

 rate mass and the cliff. 



Friday, llth September. To Pangtik, 5| miles. At two miles below 

 Ganga Anaj clay slate first makes its appearance, contorted and 

 twisted and broken in the most inextricable confusion and overlaid with 

 gravelly conglomerate. Nothing short of the power of a mighty 

 earthquake could have caused such extensive and complete disjointment. 

 The strata appear as if they had been lifted to some considerable height 

 and then suddenly let fall, which broke them up into small fragments, 

 standing and lying at all angles. Beyond this point the road continues 

 along the left bank of the nullah for half a mile to Ruptang, a shep- 

 herd's station, where it crosses to the right bank and follows the 

 stream for a quarter of a mile farther to its junction with a second 

 stream coming from the S. E. On crossing the latter stream, there is 

 an open level spot of ground called Thoga Chokpo, which, from the 

 numerous fire-places, is apparently a favorite halting-place with the 

 traders. Just beyond this a third rivulet, also from the S. E. joins the 

 others, and the united streams are called Siim-khel, or the three springs, 

 Passing up the bed of the last stream for two miles we halted at an 

 extensive level spot called Pangtik on its left bank ; we were obliged to 

 halt here as the nearest water on our road was still 10 miles distant. 



On looking up the stream to the S. E. from Pangtik, the valley 

 appeared to be so broad and open and the hills so low that we felt 

 assured there must be an easy route open towards the Chumureri lake. 

 A party was accordingly dispatched to ascertain this point. They 



