1848.] Itinerary from Phari in Thibet, to Lassa. 261 



11. Demorang Zeung or Fort of Bemorang. — One day's journey to 

 the north over a rocky country. About a mile to the north of the 

 halting-place, there are 3 hot springs which are in repute for the cure 

 of all diseases. No village here. 



12. Giangtchi* — About 6 miles to the north. A small town and 

 the neighbourhood well inh abited and cultivated. There is a Chinese 

 officer stationed here with 3 or 400 soldiers, a few of whom are 

 Mantchoo Tartars of the Chinese army. The rest are native Tibe- 

 tans. A river runs by the town. It rises in the Yeung mountains which 

 are to the north and east. It has no specific name. It is called 

 Changchoo or Changtcheu. All large rivers in Tibet are called 

 " Changchoo.f " Giantche is one day's journey from Digarchi, for an 

 unloaded man say 20 miles, and here the road to Lassa goes off from 

 that to Digarchi to the eastward. The first halting-place on the road 

 to Lassa is 



13. Saoo. — One day's journey to the east with a little southing, 

 over an undulating country generally, cultivated and well peopled. There 

 are many villages along the road : and the fields are irrigated from 

 numerous small streams which run from the diminutive hills around ; 

 the greater number of which have a Goomba or monastery on the 

 summit. The streamlets about Saoo run into the " Changtchoo," the 

 course of which is north and west. Snow does not fall at Saoo : but 

 it does on the line of road where it crosses the Yeung mountain for 3 

 or 4 months in the year i. e. November to February. 



14. Teungla or Mount Yeung. — One day's journey to the east by 

 south, along a stony road which ascends all the way by zigzags to the 

 resting-place, which is in a saddle on the crest of the mountain. The 

 ridge to the north from the resting-place is higher than to the south, 



* Dzialdge of Kl.This place is famous for a particular breed of ponies, (see Sp. Rev.) 

 and is one of the more considerable of the very petty towns of Tibet. — B. H. H. 



t Changchoo — river of Chang", softened from Tsang, which is the name of the western 

 half of the central province of Tibet, called U'tsang, U being the Lassa division, and 

 Tsang the Digarchi one. The great river of Tibet is called the river of Tsang or Tsang, 

 vide Sanpu-Dzangbo of Klaproth. Its pre-eminence leads to all rivers, especially 

 those of Tsang, being called in a like manner, just as in India any larg*e river is Ganga. 

 Yaru is the distinctive name of the great river whose full title is Yaru tsang pochu, great 

 river Yaru of tsang. K lap roth's Changchoo however, lies far off the route on the left, 

 hand. 



