292 Report of the Kohistan of the Jullundhar Doab. [April, 



their being also found in heaps along the banks of the torrent beds 

 seems to point to the probability of floods having occurred at certain 

 intervals since that period. In this opinion I was confirmed when I 

 came to examine the course of the Guj, from the Chumba range to the 

 point where it flows into the Beeas ; and also when I saw the effects of 

 a flood that occurred during the rains of 1845, when the latter river rose 

 nearly 60 feet above its usual level. This flood lasted for 10 days, and 

 did an enormous amount of damage to the villages and cultivated fields 

 situated on the banks of the river. Between Sultanpoor and Bajnoura 

 considerable patches of land which, before this occurrence, yielded 

 luxuriant crops, have since been abandoned, on account of the great 

 number of boulders, the trunks of trees, and especially from the quan- 

 tities of fine sand that were spread over them by the swollen torrent. 

 In many places the river cut out new channels for itself, and in others, 

 permanently enlarged its bed. In fact, throughout the length of its 

 course in these hills the marks of this flood are everywhere traceable. 

 The timber it brought down and deposited on the Government lands 

 alone sold for 3,000 Rs. 



24. The Guj rises near Rilloo at the foot of the snowy range, and 

 flowing across the Kangra valley enters a tortuous ravine. Again, 

 issuing from this at Nagrota, it joins another stream, in the Joala valley, 

 and finally empties itself into the Beeas. The bed of this stream at the 

 base of the Chumba range is nearly choked up with blocks of granite. 

 There they appear not so much waterworn ; their edges are sharp and 

 angular ; and their shapes somewhat cubical. We find them also all 

 along the banks, and in the bed of the stream as we proceed downwards 

 to Futtipani. There the ravine, through which it flows, widens into a 

 small valley about 1|- mile in length, and a ^ broad. There also 

 gigantic blocks of granite are seen lying in confused masses, and heaped 

 one upon another on the river's edge, also from 20 to 30 feet above the 

 stream. Their present position in heaps, piled confusedly one upon 

 another, indicates that this small stream either is, or has been, subject 

 to occasional extraordinary inundations, at which periods it has trans- 

 ported these vast blocks, and thrown them up upon its banks : and 

 although erratics are scattered singularity about the valley, and in the 

 bed of the stream itself, yet one cannot but consider the fact of their 

 being found in heaps and at different heights and distances along the 



