1848.] through Ariana and India. 487 



Sind, we find that Mohammed bin Kasim conquered that country from 

 Raja Dahir in the year A. D. 711. As Dahir reigned 33 years, and 

 his father Chach reigned 40 years, we obtain A. D. 638 as the date of 

 Chach's accession. Now as Chach and Dahir were Brahmans, and 

 their successors were Mahomedans it is clear that the Sudras must have 

 reigned prior to A. D. 638 ; which agrees precisely with the period 

 assigned to Hwan Thsang's travels from A. D. 629 to 646. I cannot 

 positively assert that Chach's predecessor was a Sudra ; but it is certain 

 that he was not a Brahman, for the Rana of Chitor addressing Chach 

 says "you are a Brahman ; the affairs of Government cannot be carried 

 on by you;" thereby intimating that his predecessor was not a Brah- 

 man. 



2nd. At 1000 li (about 166 miles) to the north-east of U che-yan- 

 na or TJjain was the kingdom of Chi-chi-to of which the ruler was a 

 Brahman. Now from Abu Rihan's description of Jajdwati (read 

 Chachdvati) of which the capital city was named Kajurdhah, there can 

 be no doubt that the place indicated was the principality afterwards 

 held by the Chan del Rajputs, Kajurdha still exists ; and from the 

 inscriptions yet extent, as well as from the genealogy preserved by the 

 bard Chand in his Chand Rds, we knoAV that the Chandel Rajputs held 

 this district from about A. D. 700 down to the period of the Mahome- 

 dan conquests. The time at which a Brahman reigned there, and con- 

 sequent by the date of Hwang Thsang's visit must therefore be anterior 

 to the accession of the Chandel Rajputs, or prior to A. D. 700 which 

 agrees with the time assigned to Hwan Thsang's travels. 



3rd. In his mention of Ma-kiei-tho or Magadha, Hwang Thsang 

 gives the name of five kings who reigned there previous to his visit. 

 Their names are, 



So-kia-lo-a-yi-to. or Sankaraditya. 



Fo-tho-kiu-to. Budhagupta. 



Tha-ka-ta-kiu to. Takatagupta. 



Pho-lo-a-ye-to. Baladitya. 



Fa-che-lo. Vajra. 



Of the second, fourth, and fifth of those Princes there are coins still 

 existing to testify to the truth of the pilgrims narration. But we have 

 yet more explicit evidence of his accuracy in the date ofBudha-guptds 

 inscription on the Eran Pillar, This date is 165 of the Gupta era 



