1847. J New or Little Known Species of Birds, 447 



dura, Garrulax (perhaps further separable, especially the form of G. 

 striatus and G. imbricatus), Crateropus of Africa, Psophodes and Spke- 

 nostoma of Australia, and finally Tumagra of Lesson (v. Keropia, G. 

 R. Gray), to which the Garrulus striatus of Vigors has been referred. 

 Another little section consists of Pomatorhinus and Xiphorhamphus, 

 nobis, to the former of which true Timalia is nearly allied. Another 

 of Menura, Pteroptochus, and Scytalopus. Another long subseries, 

 of Cinclosoma, Circlorhamphus, Megalurus, Gampsorhynchus, Arundi- 

 nax, Sphenura, Sphenceacus, Schoenicola, Laticilla, Amy Us y Stipiturus, 

 Malurus, Atrichea, Hylacola, Praticola (v. Calamanthus), Pellornium, 

 Malacocercus, Brymoica, Cisticola, Prinia, and Ortliotomus ; and 

 scarcely separable would be Timalia, Mixornis, Chrysomma, Macronous, 

 Turdinus, Malacopteron, Alcippe, Setaria, Erpornis (?), and Stachyris. 

 How all these are to be finally disposed of, each according to its proper 

 affinities, is a problem to our best ornithologists just now ; and those 

 who have most studied the series, will not, I believe, be the most eager 

 to offer an opinion. It is easy enough to cut the Gordian knot, by car- 

 rying out the principle of ranging all the large species in Merididce, 

 and all the small in Sylviadce, and thus manufacturing duplex series, 

 presenting "beautiful analogies" and "representations" one of the 

 other ; but the time has a little gone by for such frivolities, and orni- 

 thologists must pursue the course adopted by students of other bran- 

 ches of Natural History, — must study structure, internal as well as 

 external, and learn to regard habit as altogether subordinate, inasmuch 

 as species may be framed on any particular subtype of organization, 

 however subordinate, and be modified upon that subtype in adaptation 

 to any special mode of life, — and this too, without reference to each 

 other, beyond the fortuitous one of their presenting similar modifica- 

 tions, which are thus analogous merely, or by no means indicative of 

 affinity, i. e. of that intrinsical relationship upon which all legitimate 

 classification must be founded. But I pass to add a few new species, 

 and remarks on old species, to some of the genera that have been enu- 

 merated ; having upon former occasions treated of the several Indian 

 genera among them : and this having done, shall bid adieu to the 

 Insessorial tribes for a while, till fresh novelties among them begin 

 again to accumulate. 



Leiotrichance. (Treated of in XIII, 934 et seq., and XIV, 552). 



