1847.] Notes, chiefly Geological, from Gooty to Hydrabad. 477 



Notes, chiefly Geological, from Gooty to Hydrabad, South India, com- 

 prising a brief notice of the old Diamond Pits at Dhone, by Copt. 

 Newbold. 



From the granite rock of Gooty northerly, to about a mile or two 

 beyond Piapully, granite is the prevalent rock. 



The pebbles of a small stream running at the foot of the granite hill 

 of Piapully, I found encrusted with carbonate of soda, and had the 

 appearance of having been snowed upon. Reddish felspar is the 

 prevailing mineral in the granite, — associated with chlorite, and acty- 

 nolite, as at Gooty. 



Beyond Piapully, which is 12^ miles from Gooty, pebbles of sand-stone 

 and pudding-stone, quartz and chert, some of them angular and little 

 worn, indicate the proximity of an aqueous deposit, which is shortly 

 afterwards seen in situ, as a bed of pudding-stone capping the summit 

 of a rugged hill sloping southerly, and again sweeping up, saddle 

 shape. On the opposite side into a steep crag of granite scattered 

 blocks of basaltic green-stone are seen in this vicinity ; and the subsoil 

 is often a bed of kunker. 



From the granite limits to Kurnool. — From this locality to within 

 a few miles south of the Tumbuddra, a range of hills having an 

 average apparent height of 250 feet, the level and peculiar con- 

 tour of which distinctly informs us of their nature, — continues 

 flanking the right, or east, of the Kurnool at irregular distances 

 of 2 or 3 miles, but now and then throwing promontory-like bluffs to 

 the westward. These hills are of sand-stone, dipping slightly towards 

 the east ; and the rocks in the plain at their base granite, gneiss and 

 hornblende schist. The sand-stone caps the granite, which is seen at 

 several points along the range, forming the base and about three fourths 

 of the height of some hills, as in the vicinity of Dhone and Ramulacota, 

 on which rests a thick bed of sand-stone. The lower layers next the 

 granite are often of pudding-stone, or conglomerate. The imbedded 

 rocks are almost entirely pebbles of white and rust-stained quartz, 

 much rounded, from the size of a filbert to that of a man's head. A 

 few pebbles of trap, hornblende, tough actinolitic green felspar, and 

 flinty slate, — the very hardest portions of hypogene and granitic rocks, 



