GLACIAL EROSION AND TRANSPORTATION. 245 



where there is a mingling of material brought down from 

 the Rocky Mountains, there is still for some distance as 

 much as forty-eight per cent of Laurentian material. 



Still farther north Dr. Dawson reports a movement of 

 bowlders toward the north in the head-waters of the Yukon 

 River, and in 'the northern portion of the continent east of 

 Mackenzie River. 



For the arctic coast of the continent and the islands of the 

 archipelago off it there is a considerable volume of evidence to 

 show that the main direction of movement of erratics was 

 northward. The most striking facts are those derived from 

 Professor S. Haughton's appendix to McClintock's "Voyage," 

 where the occurrence is described of bowlders and pebbles from 

 North Somerset, at localities 100 and 135 miles northeastward 

 and northwestward from their supposed points of origin. Pro- 

 fessor Haughton also states that the east side of King William's 

 Land is strewn with bowlders of gneiss like that of Montreal 

 Island, to the southward, and points out the general north- 

 ward ice-movement thus indicated, referring the carriage of 

 the bowlders to floating ice of the Glacial period. 



The copper said to be picked up in large masses by the 

 Eskimo, near Princes Royal Island, in Prince of Wales Strait, 

 as well as on Prince of Wales Island,* has likewise, in all prob- 

 ability, been derived from the copper-bearing rocks of the Cop- 

 permine River region to the south, as this metal can scarcely 

 be supposed to occur in place in the region of horizontal lime- 

 stone where it is found. 



Dr. A. Armstrong, surgeon and naturalist to the Investi- 

 gator, notes the occurrence of granitic and other crystalline 

 rocks not only on the south shore of Baring Land, but also on 

 the hills at some distance from the shore. These, from what 

 is now known of the region, must be supposed to have come 

 from the continental land to the southward. 



Dr. Bessells, again, remarks on the abundance of bowlders 

 on the shore of Smith Sound in latitude 81° 30', which are 

 manifestly derived from known localities on the Greenland 



* De Ranee, in " Nature," vol. xi, p. 492. 



