MAN AND THE GLACIAL PERIOD. 641 



doubtless find them in abundance. But whether we find 

 them or not in this State [Ohio], if you admit, as I am com- 

 pelled to do, the genuineness of those found by Dr. Abbott, 

 our investigation into the glacial phenomena of Ohio must 

 have an important archaeological significance, for they bear 

 upon the question of the chronology of the Glacial period, 

 and so upon that of man's appearance in JSTew Jersey." 



The substance of these remarks had been previously made 

 by me in a meeting of the " Boston Society of Natural His- 

 tory " for March 7, 1883, and reported in " Science," vol. i, pp. 

 269-271. Commenting upon this report Dr. Abbott sent a 

 communication to " Science," from which the following ex- 

 tracts are very significant and interesting as connected with 

 the discussion : 



In "Science" of April 13th, p. 271, Professor Wright re- 

 marks that " no palaeolithic implements have yet been found 

 [in Ohio], but they may be confidently looked for." It has 

 seemed to me possible, from my own studies of the remains of 

 palaeolithic man in the valley of the Delaware River, that traces 

 of his presence may only be found in those river- valleys which 

 lead directly to the Atlantic coast, and that palaeolithic man 

 was essentially a coast-ranger, and not a dweller in the interior 

 of the continent. If we associate these early people with the 

 seal and walrus rather than with the reindeer, and consider 

 them essentially hunters of these amphibious mammals rather 

 than of the latter, it is not incredible, I submit, that they did 

 not wander so far inland as Ohio, nor even so far as the east- 

 ern slope of the Alleghanies ; and we need not be surprised if 

 palaeolithic implements, concerning which there can be no 

 doubt whatever — for recent Indians made and used stone imple- 

 ments that are " palaeolithic " in character — are not found in 

 Ohio, nor even in Pennsylvania west of the valley of the Sus- 

 quehanna River. . . . 



On the other hand, if the relationship of palaeolithic man 

 and the Eskimo is not problematical, and the latter is of Ameri- 

 can origin, then I submit that man was preglacial in America, 

 was driven southward by the extension of the ice-sheet, and 

 probably voluntarily retreated with it to more northern re- 



