696 THE ICE AGE IN NORTH AMERICA. 



Society. This was a broken pestle found by Mr. Clarence 

 King and taken with his own hands from undisturbed gravel 

 under Table Mountain in the vicinity of Tuttletown not 

 far from Rawhide Gulch. As Mr. King was a geologist of 

 the highest reputation this would seem to be convincing 

 evidence. But it is suggested that he may not have given 

 attention to the question whether there had not been secondary 

 cementation of the gravel, so that this may possibly have 

 been in a talus. It is, however, hardly to be supposed that so 

 experienced a geologist as Mr. King would have failed to 

 notice a point of so much importance. 



As already remarked the fact that new discoveries do not 

 continue to be made in the auriferous gravels is readily ac- 

 counted for from the fact that the profitable mines where such 

 relics would be likely to be found have been worked out, and 

 hence such mining has ceased. 



The gravels under Table Mountain have not yielded enough 

 gold to pay for the mining, and hence have been abandoned, 

 while hydraulic mining so mingles the debris washed down that 

 the discovery of implements in place is practically out of 

 the question. Still, important discoveries do now occur. 



In "Science" for March 6, 1906, Mr. J. F. Kemp, of the 

 U. S. Geological Survey, reported the discovery of mortars and 

 pestles in the auriferous gravels at Waldo, Josephine County, 

 Oregon. The discoveries which he reports were made in 1901 

 and 1902. The latter was brought out by the miners during 

 the night shift from 58 feet below the surface, where it was 

 embedded in "the blue cement gravel " of the " pay channel." 

 So firmly was it embedded that they had to resort to picks 

 to extricate it and "the bed or hole out of which they pulled 

 it remained, showing its perfect mould, "in the morning,' ' says 

 Mr. W. J. Wimer, the manager (who carefully noted the facts), 

 "it was still packed tightly to its very rim with blue cement 

 gravel" which after being carefully picked out yielded several 

 "large colors of gold." The mortar is about twelve inches 



